Term
|
Definition
| rich in iron and magnesium |
|
|
Term
| silicic rock.. order of silicic->mafic |
|
Definition
| rich in silica.. silicic, intermediate, mafic, ultramafic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
crust: silicic (continental), mafic (oceanic). mantle: ultramafic outer core: liquid iron and nickel inner core: solid iron and nickel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation of layers of Earth |
|
|
Term
| how are igneous rocks formed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| two types of melt and descriptions |
|
Definition
magma-melt in interior of Earth lava-at surface |
|
|
Term
| melting temps of rock on surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how hot does it get in the different layers? |
|
Definition
(state,behavior) - crust(solid,brittle): 0-500C
- lithospheric mantle(s,b): 500-1280C
- asthenospheric mantle(s,ductile): 1280-...C
- inner core: up to 4300C
|
|
|
Term
| how do rocks melt to form magma? (different melting) |
|
Definition
- heat-transfer melting (inc temp)
- decompression melting (dec pressure, lower mp of rocks)
- flux melting (change chem of rock.. ex. adding volatile elements like water or carbon dioxide dec mp of rocks)...Slide 15 .O {font-size:149%;}
Volatiles like water and carbon dioxide get squeezed out of the subducting slab and seep into the overlying solid lithospheric mantle causing it to melt
|
|
|
Term
| two types of igneous rocks and descriptions |
|
Definition
Intrusive: Slide 17 .O {font-size:149%;} -igneous rock that solidified inside the Earth -solidified from a magma -coarse grained Extrusive: Slide 17 .O {font-size:149%;} -igneous rock that solidified on the surface of the Earth -solidified from a lava -fine grained |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
66-76% silica granite-intrusive |
|
|
Term
| intermediate igneous rock |
|
Definition
52-66% silica diorite-instrusive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
45-52% silica gabbro-instrusive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
38-45% silica, ultrabasic (high in Mg/Fe) peridotite (dominant in upper mantle) |
|
|
Term
| how to get magmas of different compositions? |
|
Definition
- partial melting (rocks and chocolate eggs)(describe the process in magma chamber)
- fractional crystallization
- assimilation
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- dike (ex.shiprock,nm , grand canyon
- sill (ex.transantarctic mts)
- laccolit-blister sill
- pluton (large km ones=batholiths) (ex.yosemite, Torres del Paine NParks)
|
|
|
