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The number of square units needed to cover a surface
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| a graph that uses either vertical or horizontal bars to display countable data. |
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| A data display that presents information in columns and rows. |
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| a data display that divides a circle into reigons representation a portion to the local set of data. The circle represents the whole set of data. |
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| A bar graph that shows how many data values fall into a certain interval. The number of data items in an interval is a frequency. the width of the bar represents the interval, while the height indicated the number of data items, or frequency, in that interval. |
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| A collection of an infinite number of points in a straight pathway with unlimited length and having no width. |
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| To locate a point by means of coordinates or a curve by plotted points, or to represent an equation by means of a curve so constructed. |
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| A ratio that compares two quantities of diffrent units. |
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| a finite or infinite collection of distinct objedts in which order has no significance. |
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| Substance that increases the H+ concentration when added to a water solution. |
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Activation energy
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| the least amount of energy required to start a particular chemical reaction. |
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Adenosine Triphosphate
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| An organic compound, that is composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups. It serves as a source of energy for many metabolic processes. |
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| Occurring in the presence of oxygen or requiring oxygen to live. In aerobic respiration which is the process used by the cells of most organisms, the production of energy from glucose metabolism require the presense of oxygen. |
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| occuring in the absence of oxygen or not requiring oxygen to live. anareobic bacteria produce energy from food molecules without the presence of oxygen. |
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| the scientific study of the shape ne structure of organisms and their parts. |
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| Any large group of plants that produce flowers. They develop seeds from ovules contained in ovaries and the seeds are excluded by fruits which develop from carpels. |
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| Taking place in or on water |
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Asexual reproduction
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| A form of reproduction in which new individuals are formed without the involvement of gametes. |
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| The smallest unit of chemical element that can still retain the properties of that element. |
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Biogeochemical cycle
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| The flow of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms and the physical environment. Chemicals absorbed or ingested by organisms are passed through the food chain and returned to the soil, air, and Water by such mechanisms as respiration, expiration, & decomposition. |
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| The manipulation (as for genetic engineering) of living organisms or their components to produce useful usually commercial products (pest resistant crops, bacterial strains, novel Pharmaceuticals) |
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| any other division of non flowering plants comprising of the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. |
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| any group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starches, celluloses, and gums and serves as a major energy source in the diet of animals. These compounds are produced by photosynthesic plants and contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually in the ratio of 1 to 2 to 1 |
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Cardiovascular system
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| the bodily system consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and blood that circulates blood throughtout the body, delivers nutrients and other essesntial materials to cells and removes waste products. |
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| a subtance that speeds up or slows down the rate of a reaction without being consumed or altered. |
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| the smallest sturctural unit of a organism that is capable of independent fuctioning, consisting of one or more nuclei, cytoplasm and various organelles, all surrounded by a semipermable membrane. |
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| A structure in all living cells that consists of a single molecule of DNA bonded to various proteins and that carries the genes determining heredity. |
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| Relating to two alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote that are both fully expressed. When alleles for both white and red are present in a carnation, for example, the result is a pink carnation since both alleles are codominant. |
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| A subtance made up of at least two diffrent elements held together by chemical bonds that can only be broken down into elements by chemical processes. |
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| an organism that feeds on other organisms for food. |
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| The amount of electric charge flowing past a specified circuit point per unit time. |
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| Any organism that feefs or obtains nutrients by breaking down organic matter from dead organisms. |
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| Any of a class of sugars, including lactose and sucrose, that are composed of two monosaccharides. |
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| the exhistance of wide range of different species in a given area or specific period of time. |
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| deoxyribonucliec acid; a nucleic acid that carries genetic material; present in all cellular organisms. |
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Tendency of certain (dominant) alleles to mask the expression of their corresponding (recessive) alleles.
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| the branch of biology that deals with the formation, early growth, and development of living organisms. |
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| the sum of conditions affecting an organism, including all living and nonliving things in an area, such as plants, animals, wwater, soil etc. |
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| any of numorous proteins produced in living cells that accelerate or catalyze the metabolic processes of an organism. |
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| a theory that various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modificatins in successive generations,. |
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| the act or process of initiating biological reproduction by insemination or pollination. |
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| the process by which an atomic nucleus splits into or two or more large fragments of comparable mass, simultaneously producing additional neutons and vast amounts of energy. |
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| a whole or part of a plant or animal that has been preserved in sedimentary rocks. |
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| to pass from the liquid to the soild state by loss of heat. |
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| A productive cell having the haploid number of chromosomes, especially a mature sperm or egg capable of fusing with a gamete of the opposite sex to produce the fertilized egg. |
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| Affecting or determined by genes. |
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| the sum of the genetic information contained in an organism. |
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| a plant, such as a cycad or conifer, whose seeds are not enclosed within an ovary. |
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| having a single set of each chromosome in a cell or cell nucleus. In most animals, only the gametes are haploid. |
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| any of various primates of the family Hominidae, whose only living members are modern humans. Hominids are characterized by an upright gait, increased brain size and intelligence compaed with other primates, a flattened face, and reduction in the size of the teeth and jaw. |
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| a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. |
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| the act of reasoning from factual knowledge or evidence. |
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| a procedure that is carried out in order to observe a response caused by a stimulus; not a complete experiment. |
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| a statement that describes invariable relationships among phenomena under a specified set of conditions. |
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| electromagnetic radiation that lies within the visible range. |
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| subtance that possesses inertia and occupies space, of which all objects are constitued. |
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| the process of nuclear divison in cells during which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. |
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| a thin layer of tissue that surronds or lines a cell, a group of cells or a cavity, any barrier separating two fluids. |
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| an instrument with lenses and light that is used to observe objects too small to be visible with only the eyes. |
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a process of nuclear divison in eukaryotic cells during which the nucleus of a cell divides into two nuclei, each with the same number of chromosomes.
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| a systematic description of an object or phenomenon that share important characteristics with the object or phenomemenon. can be material, visual, mathematical or computational. |
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| smallest unit of matter in a subtance that remains that object in all physical and chemical aspects. consists of a single atom or a group of atoms bonded together. |
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| any class of carbs that cannot be broken down to simpler sugars by hydrolysis and that constitue the building blocks of oligosaccarides and polysaccarides. |
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| the process by which a gene undergoes a change in dna sequence or a structural change. |
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Natural Selection
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| the theory stating every organism displays slight variations from other organisms of it's kind and the struggle for limited natural resources results in individual with certain natural variations adapted to their specific enviroments. |
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Nonrenewable Resource
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| a resource that can only be replenished over millons of years. |
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| a statement based on what one has noticed or observed. |
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| The progeny or descendants of a person animal or plant considered as a group |
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| A structure containing different tissues that organize to carry out a specific function of the body |
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| Any living plant animal or fungus that maintains various vital processes necessary for life |
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| A symbol for the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution |
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| The appearance of our other observable characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genetic makeup and it's environment |
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| Any of various phosphorus containing lipid such as Lechithin, that are composed mainly of fatty acid's a phosphate group and a simple organic molecules such as glycerol |
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| A chemical process by which plants trap light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates. |
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| The study of an organism is vital functions including growth and development, the absorption I'm processing of nutrients, the synthesis and distribution of proteins and other organic molecules and a functioning different tissues organs and other anatomic structures |
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| Any of the nonallelic she is not collectively control the inheritance of quantity of character or modify the expression of qualitative character |
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| Any of the class of carbohydrates such as starch and cellulose consisting of a number of monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bonds. |
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| An organism that makes it's own food from the environment; usually a green plant |
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| Any of various vascular plants that reproduce by means of spores rather than by seeds, including the ferns and related plan such as club mosses and horsetails |
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| An allele for a trait that will be masked unless The organism is homozygous for the trait. The organism is homozygous for that trait |
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| The sexual or asexual process by which organisms generate new individuals of the same kind and perpetuate the species. |
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| In scientific research the retention of an experiment to confirm findings or to ensure accuracy. |
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Reproductive system
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| The system of organs involved with animal reproduction especially sexual reproduction. |
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| A person having expert knowledge of one or more of the sciences especially a natural or physical science |
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| Any of numerous naturally occurring or synthetic fat-soluble organic compounds having as a basis 17 carbon Adams are arranged in for rings and including the sterols and bile acids adrenaline and sex hormones, certain natural drugs such as digitalis compounds, and the precurosors of certain vitamins. |
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| A set of statements or principles device to explain a group of facts or phenomena especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely excepted and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena. |
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| Similar cells acting to perform a specific function four basic types of tissue are muscle connective nerve and epidermal. |
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| a naturally occurring ester of three fatty acids and glycerol that is the chief constituent of fats and oils |
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| It preparation of the weekend or killed pathogen such as a bacterium or virus or of a portion of the pathogen structure that stimulates immune cells to recognize an attack it especially through anti-body protection |
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