Term
| What are the 4 general properties of enzymes? |
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Definition
They speed up reactions
Not used up
Not changed
High turn-over number |
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Term
| What is a metabolic pathway? |
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Definition
| A sequence of enzyme controlled reactions in which a product of one reaction is a reactant in the next |
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Term
| Describe the structure of enzymes |
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Definition
proteins with a tertiary structure
protein chain folds into a spherical globular shape
hydrophilic R groups outside the molecule
therefore soluble
particular sequences of R groups determine the bona amino acids have with each other
hydrogen bonds, disulphide, ionic that hold in tertiary form
3D
ACTIVE SITE |
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Term
| Where are the sites of enzyme action? |
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Definition
EXTRACELLULAR -secreted by exocytosis and catalyse reactions
INTRACELLULAR (solution) - inside cells, catalyse and breakdown
INTRACELLULAR (membrane - bound) - attached to enzymes |
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Term
| Describe the lock and key model |
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Definition
Enzyme can only catalyse one specific reaction
the substrate and active site are complementary to each other like a key fits into the lock |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzymes shape altered by binding its substrate, therefore the enzyme shape alters to accurate the substrate |
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Term
| Describe a competitive inhibitor |
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Definition
| molecular shape complementary to the active side and similar to substate therefore they compete for the active site |
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Term
| Describe a non competitive inhibitor |
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Definition
Bind to an enzyme at allosertic site (not the active site) so they don't compete with the substrate
affects bonding within the enzyme and alters overall shape and its active site
no enzyme sublate complexes form
Some reversible some not |
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Term
| define the term biosensor |
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Definition
| a device that co,mines a biomolecule such as an azure with a transducer to produce and electrical signal which measures the concentration of a chemical |
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Term
| Define the term Immobilised enzyme |
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Definition
| Enzyme molecules bound to an insert material over which the substrate molecules move |
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