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| a condition in which people are unable to meet their basic needs for adequate food, clothing, shelter, edu, or health |
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| a community and its physical environment |
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| a region that includes several interacting ecosystems |
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| layer of Earth containing all living organisms |
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| too many peeps in an area |
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| consumption overpopulation |
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| when individs in a population consume too large a share of resources |
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| environmental sustainability |
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| the ability to meet humanity's current needs w/o compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs |
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| interdisciplinary study of human relationships w/ other organisms and non-living physical environments |
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| the passage of energy in a one-way direction through an ecosystem |
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| an integrated explanation of numerous hypotheses, each of which a large body of observations and experiments supports. |
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| economic growth that meets the needs of current pop w/o compromising future's ability to meet economic needs |
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| the use of goods and services that satisfy basic human needs and improve the quality of life but that also minimize the use of resources |
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| a field of applied ethics that considers the moral basis of environmental responsibility and how far this responsibility extends. |
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| a worldview that helps us understand how environment works, our place in environment, and right and wrong environmental behaviors |
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| any intimate relationship between membs or 2 or more species |
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| an understanding of our place in the world based on harmony w/ nature, a spiritual respect for life, and the belief that humans and all oth species have an = worth |
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| the totality of an organism's adaptations, its use of resources, and the lifestyle to which it's fitted |
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| the max pop that can be sustained by a given environment or world |
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| the # and variety of Earth's organisms |
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| important environmental benefits, such as clean air, water, and fertile soil that the nat environment provides |
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| John James Audubon (early 1800's) |
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| painted birds, aroused wildlife interest in U.S. |
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| Henry David Thoreau (early 1800's) |
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| lived on Walden Pond in Mass; writer that comtemplated how peeps could simplify their lifes to live in harmony w nat world |
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| UTILITARIAN CONSERVATIONIST |
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| a person who values nat resources b/c of their usefulness to us but uses them sensibly and carefully (Teddy Roosevelt) |
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| BIOCENTRIC PERSERVATIONIST |
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| a person who believes in protecting nature from human interference b/c all forms of life deserve respect and consideration |
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| a biocentric perservationist. founded Sierra Club (Yosemite), a writer |
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| established CCC (conservation projects that provided jobs) |
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| Aldo Leopold (mid- to late- 1900's) |
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| wildlife biologist, wrote "Game Management" and "Sand County Management", supported gun taxes to support environment |
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| marine biologist, wrote "Silent Spring" (against pesticides) |
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| ecologist, wrote "The Population Bomb" (overpopulation) |
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| the process of evaluating/presenting to decision makers the relative benefits and costs of various alternatives |
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| Earth's resources and processes that sustain living organisms, including humans, wildlife, forests, etc |
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| a measure of the total income of a nation's goods and services for a given year |
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| a harmful environmental or social cost that is borne by peeps not directly involved in buying/selling the product |
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| the use of stat methods to quantify the risks of an action so they can be compared and contrasted w/ oth risks |
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| COMMAND AND CONTROL REGULATION |
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| pollution control laws that work by setting limits on levels of pollution |
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| INCENTIVE-BASED REGULATION |
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| Pollution control laws that work by establishing emission targets and providing industries w/ incentives to reduce emissions |
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| the interaction between organisms that vie for the same resources in an ecosystem |
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| adverse effects that occur within a short period; dizziness, nausea, death |
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| adverse effects that occur after a long period of low-level toxicant exposure; damage to organs |
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| an agent that causes disease |
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| the increase in toxicant concentrations as the toxicant passes through successive levels of the food chain |
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| a group of persistant toxicants that bioaccumulate in organisms and travel 1000's of miles to contaminate sites far from source |
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| max dose that has no effect or minimum dose that produces a measurable effect |
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| the consumption of one species by another |
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| making decisions about adopting a new technology or chem product by assigning the burden of proof of its safety to the developers of that technology or product |
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| study of interactions among organisms and abiotic environment |
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| group of membs of same species that live togeth in the same area at same time |
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| a nat association that consists of all species populations that live/interact in an area @ same time |
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