Term
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Definition
A complex of diseases characterized by:
optic nerve damage
intraocular pressure related
incidence of 2-3%
15% of blindness in US treatable
increased in persons over 40
2X usual incidence in diabetes
hereditary & acquired
steroid sensitive disease |
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Term
| Primary Glaucomas are __. List these. |
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Definition
Hereditary
- Adult Chronic Simple aka Open Angle
- Adult Narrow Angle aka Closed Angle
- Infantile
- Juvenile |
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Term
| Acquired Glaucoma is not primary, it is a __ __ __. |
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Definition
| antecedant ocular disease |
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Term
| Secondary glaucoma possible causes: |
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Definition
- steroid use
- trauma
- retinal vein occlusion
- intraocular inflammation
- intraocular tumor
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Carotid vascular disease |
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Term
| As glaucoma progresses, the __ gets bigger and bigger. |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment does not give you lost vision back. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
May Occur at Any Age
Increases in Frequency After Age 40 – Particularly in the Black Population
Affects Two Percent of Population in the U.S. |
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Term
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Definition
- headache
- blurred vision with halos around lights
- nausea
- vomiting |
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Term
| Acute glaucoma initial treatment: |
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Definition
- Pilocarpine drops
- Acetazolamide 500 mg PO or IV
- Oral glycerine or isosorbide 1cc/kg body weight |
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Term
| 3 main characteristics of glaucoma to check: |
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Definition
- intraocular pressure
- optic nerve damage
- visual field loss |
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Term
| Cataracts are __ of the __. Early on, they may cause __ __ or __ __. |
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Definition
- opacification of the lens
- near-sightedness
- second sight |
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Term
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Definition
Does Not Require Waiting Until Cataract is “Ripe”
Results in Greater Than 90 Percent Chance of Restoration of Useful Vision
Can Usually Be Performed Using Local Anesthesia |
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Term
| Retinal diseases account for 1/3 of blindness and include: |
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Definition
- Macular Degeneration
- Diabetic Retinopathy
- Retinal Detachment
- Retinal Vascular Disease
- Hereditary eye diseases
- Severe myopia |
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Term
| Retinal detachment symptoms: |
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Definition
- bright flashes of light/arch of light
- sudden onset of black floaters
this is emergency |
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Term
| Diabetic retinopathy- blinding eye problem but by sending diabetics to opthal every year decrease incidence by 50% |
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Definition
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Term
| Non-proliferative Diabetic retinopathy characteristics: |
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Definition
- microaneurysms
- leakage of intravascular fluids
- intraretinal hemorrhage
- retinal ischemia |
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Term
| Tmt of diabetic retinopathy: laser treatment to reduce peripheral retina to preserve central retina and some drugs used also to prevent neovascularization. |
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Definition
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Term
| Herpes simplex keratitis of the eye is aka __ __. What would make this worse? How do you treat this condition? |
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Definition
- Dendritic keratitis
- STEROIDS WOULD MAKE THIS WORSE
- Tmt: oral antivirals, trifluidine eye drops, gancyclovir
these usually scar the eye |
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Term
NO STEROID EYE DROPS: TOPIMEX – STEROID EYE DROP- have to have really good reason for using these and do lots of follow up
ALWAYS CHECK VISION IN THE OFFICE, ESPECIALLY IF TREATING FRO AN EYE CONDITION
NEVER EVER GIVE TOPICAL ANESTHETIC EYE DROPS
USE ONLY SHORT ACTING DILATION DROPS: CYCLOPLECIGS |
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Definition
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Term
| Criteria for referral to opthalmologist: |
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Definition
1. Vision 20/40 or worse
2. All Systemic Diseases
3. Hereditary disorders
4. All children (3-4 y/o)
5. Medication toxicities
6. Injuries-Medicolegal aspects
7. Routine eye care
8. All eye diseases
9. If eye status is questionable |
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