Term
#1 Adam Smith
Without Adam Smith, businesses would not be able to improve for lack of free market. |
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Definition
Economist who thought free market should be allowed to regulate business.
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#2 Aristotle
Aristotle looked at the nature of the world and was one of the greatest philiosophers. |
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Definition
one of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers, his writings were the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy
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#3 Baron de Montesquieu
Baron de Montesquieu created the idea of dividing powers of a government. |
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Definition
French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755)
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#4 The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment thinkers followed a movement that included the use of reason and observations. |
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Definition
| a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions[image] |
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#5 Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau thought that everything was good and that unfair amounts of wealth caused negativity.
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Believed people in the natural state were basically good, but that they were corrupted by the evils of society, especially due to the unequal distribution of wealth
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#6 John Locke
John Locke said that everyone was good and believed in natural rights. |
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Definition
Philosopher who thought people were basically reasonable and moral, and believed in natural rights
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#7 Laissez Faire
Business was able to function without government being in the way because of Laissez Faire. |
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Definition
Allows business to operate with little or no government interference
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#8 Philosophy
People who question life and ethics study philosophy. |
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Definition
The rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics.
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#9 Plato
Plato was one of Socrates popular students. |
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Definition
ancient Athenian philosopher, most-famous student of Socrates, known for his ideal leaders "Philosopher-Kings"
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#10 Social Contract
People who do not support the Enlightenment follow the social contract. |
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Definition
The unwritten agreement between individuals and society in which individual rights are traded for overall order (decrease of chaos)
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#11 Socrates
Philosopher Socrates often used questions for answering questions. |
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Definition
ancient Athenian philosopher, the "Socratic Method" is named for his process of questioning to discover answers
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#12 Thomas Hobbes
Philosopher who thought that humans were selfish and caused the problems in governments was Thomas Hobbes. |
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Definition
English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)
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#13 Voltaire
A writter and one of the Enlightenment thinkers, who supported freedom of speech was Voltaire. |
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Definition
French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment, defender of free speech
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