Term
| I. Juxtaposition: 1. Paraphrase S |
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Definition
| "It's the most beautiful place on the island; it's a veritable paradise." |
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Term
| I. Juxtaposition: 2. Recapitulation S (with repetition of the verb) |
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Definition
| "I went home; I went home to see what was really going on." |
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Term
| I. Juxtaposition: 3. Echo Question S --aka tag question (with repetition of subject and auxiliary verb) |
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Definition
"You won't go downtown alone, will you?"
"You'll go right now, won't you?" |
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Term
| II. Concatenation: 1. Coordinate S "...and..." (indefinite number of bases) |
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Definition
"I went over to Gaul, saw the situation there, and conquered it for Rome."
"I came, I saw, I conquered." |
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Term
II. Concatenation: 2. Antithetical S
"but/yet/only..." (two bases: thesis and antithesis) |
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Definition
"My horse is black, but yours is white."
"He spoke to her but she didn't reply." |
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Term
II. Concatenation: 3. Alternative S
"(either).... or..../ (neither)... nor..." (two or more bases) |
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Definition
"Is he coming or not?"
"We must try to better our lot in life, raise our standard of living, or do something to improve ourselves." |
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Term
| III. Explanation: 1. Reason S "...for..." |
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Definition
"I gave in, for what else could I do?"
"What could I do, for there was simply no place to go." |
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Term
| III. Explanation: 2. Result S "so"/"so...that..."/"too...to (Verb)"/ "because... therefore" |
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Definition
"The soup was very hot, so we couldn't eat it."
"The soup was too hot to eat." |
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Term
| III. Explanation: 3. Equational S "be" (and others) |
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Definition
"The reason he can't go is because he's getting married."
"His main purpose is coming so that he can confuse the issue." |
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Term
| IV. Implication: 1. Concessive S ("even if.... still"/"though...yet..."/"although...nevertheless..."/ |
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Definition
| "Even though things are bad, nevertheless they could get worse." |
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Term
| IV. Implication: 2. Contrafactual S (contrary-to-fact condition) "if" + past perfect.... ("then")... |
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Definition
"Had he arrived, all would have been well."
"If he had seen the animal on the road, then he would have avoided it." |
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Term
| IV. Implication: 3. Correlative S "as...so..."/"as many as... so many..." |
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Definition
"As Maine goes, so goes the nation."
"The more I run, the healthier I feel." |
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Term
| V. Quotation: 1. Direct Quotation S |
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Definition
| "He said, 'I am going downtown.'" |
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Term
| V. Quotation: 2. Indirect Quotation S (with adaptation of the Quoted to speaker's viewpoint) |
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Definition
"He said that he would come here today."
"I thought that he would come here today." |
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Term
| V. Quotation: 3. Indirect Question S |
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Definition
| "He asked if you were interested." |
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