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The purpose for Dante's swoon is |
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-to cover a transition or contrapasso -to help harden him toward sin |
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What do Dante's footprints made by his weight in hell represent? |
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a visible sign of the Christian in a sinful world |
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Dante wears a cord that he gives to Virgil in canto XVI that serves as an instrument for contrapasso. The cord is important reminder of Dante's .... |
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Which group of sinners were Ullysses/Odysseus found among? |
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The function of the Malebranche is |
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a legion of demons that secure realms of the Inferno |
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-using a phrase to represent someone's name (Ex. "A mighty one who descended here") |
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-calling upon a higher being (Ex. "O Muses, O genius of art, O memory whose merit..." ) |
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What are some groups who are found among the virtuous pagans, where are they found, and why are they there? |
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- philosophers, heros and heroines, naturalists - Limbo - they didnt believe in God |
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What was Dante's purpose for writing The Inferno? |
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to convert a corrupt society to Christianity |
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-guarded by demons - a mosque-like infrastructure - an infernal city |
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The Orgin of the Gates of Hell are... |
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-Paolo - Brunetto Latini - Pier delle Vigne - shows our flaws that we pity sinners |
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Dante enters the Inferno through a dark wood. The dark wood symbolizes? |
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the idea that the Earth is at the center of the universe |
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Dante refers to "keys" several times during his journey. The keys are a representation of... |
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The Acacian heresy (Photinus) is a clain that... |
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God is not the father of Jesus |
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The inscription "Abandon all hope ye who enter here" is found ... |
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on the first Infernal gate |
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Dante offers sinners memento mori. Memento mori means.... |
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For most of his journey through Hell, Dante and Virgil descend, but toward the end they begin to ascent. The physical act of descending and ascending is an allegory in the sense that.... |
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a man falls to temptation/sin and rises in redemption/repentance |
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He is the symbol for human reason |
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He took his own life after he was accused of treachery and totured |
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He makes the sign of the fig and curses God |
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A hypocrite, and high priest of Jews |
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He offers the first political prophecy to Dante |
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The symbol for Divine reason and inspiration |
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Dante's mentor found among the Sodomites |
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Both adulterous and suicidal, took her life after an affair with Aeneas |
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Dante's political enemy. Dante curses him among the wrathful |
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He is a sower of religious discord, found ripping himself in parts |
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Tells Dante that the condemned can see the future but not the present |
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A Greek who denied Christ's paternity |
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What is Dante's attitude toward the Catholic Church? How does he reveal his attitude? |
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Dante believes the Catholic Church has become corrupt. His attitude and feelings in accordance to the Catholic Church are those of anger, rage, and disappointment. He does not agree with the Catholic Chuch and we see this revealed when he makes it his mission to repair the Catholic Church as he journeys through Circle 6. He reveals his attitude of the Catholic Church through the punishments and simonists recieve. When Dante enters this circle, he sees Pope Nicolas III plunged head-first within a baptismal font with just his feet exposed. His feet are then whipped by flames of fire. The baptismal fonts are symbolic of the corruption of the Catholic Church, since the simonists aided in this corruption |
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Dante attempts to hold on to hope. Now that you have completed the Inferno, specifically, what is his hope, and how is it revealed to the audience? |
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As Dante journeys throughout the Inferno, he struggles but manages to hold on to hope. Now that I have completed the Inferno, I believe his hope is in a sense his second chance at life, or salvation. The fact that Dante is a still-living soul gives him hope in it of itself. This is revealed when he leaves within hell are no longer able to leave a mark, Dante is. This helps to bring Dante hope because even though he has seen the horrible sins and punishments within hell, he can still rescue himself from spending eternity with the other sinners he meets. he ultimate hope Dante longs for is the chance to return to the "good" path and eventually spend eternity with God in paradise. This is foreshadowed in the Inferno when after leaving Hell, Dante sees the stars and the reality of God's beauty and grace is revealed. |
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-lovers caught in Adultry -Paolo (married) - Francessca (engaged to Paolo's brother) |
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what is the basis for sins in lower hell? |
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Heretics - working against God |
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NT (buy right to give people Holy Spirit) |
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-human reason (short term vision) |
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Perversion of the Trinity |
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Brutus, Cassius, and Judas (3 in 1) |
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according to Aristotle rhetoric is the faculty of discovering the possible means of persuasion in reference to any subject whatever. It is the art of soul leading in writing. Generally, there are 3 means of persuasion |
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what are the 3 means of persuasion? |
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What are the principle variables of persuasion? |
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speaker, audience, and purpose |
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What are the 3 parts of rhetoric? |
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1. invention-what you argue 2. organization-what order you argue 3. style- how you argue |
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sharpen the focus of rhetorical enterprise |
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a proposition determinate enough to provide unity and coherence to the essay: it declares something about the subject at hand, what it declares is limited in scope and that limitation ensures that the essay will be about one thing that will hold together the essay’s constituent parts. |
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What is the cardinal principle of the thesis? |
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7. The thesis must be stated in a single declarative sentence that can be affirmed or denied. There must be an argumentative subject, and there must be a predication about the subject. |
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What are the demonstrative proofs of the thesis? |
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8. A demonstrative thesis takes two forms: 1) the proposition terms must be clarified and developed; 2) the clear, developed proposition must make sense of the object of analysis |
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Developing the proposition |
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9. Syllogism: follows the process from major premise to minor premise to conclusion. Categorical Syloogism: all people are mortal; Socrates is a person; therefore, Socrates is mortal. Hypothecial Syllogism (imagines conditions): if /then proposition… Disjunctive Syllogism (offers alternatives): Either/or proposition. 10. Topics of invention: the refinement of the topic, can I define X: what are its general and specific characteristics? Can I compare X and Y: how and to what degree are they alike or different? What is the relationship between X and Y: cause and effect, antecedent and consequence or contradictions? |
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11. Analysis demands that you untie the textual knot. Showing the truth or your argument within the passage itself. |
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12. There is a three-step formula for analysis 1) Articulate your point; quote a passage that supports the point 2) The relate the point and the passage; 3) Explore |
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Let invention disclose design |
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14. Part 1 introduction part 2 proof 1: deductive argument (define principles) Part 3 proof 2: inductive argument (catalogued facts) Part 4 proof 3: relationship between proofs 1 and 2 Part 5 refutation Part 6 conclusion ( a refutation free zone) |
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15. Determines the essay’s subject, focus, and usually argument |
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16. Funnel in- begin with the general subject matter limit the focus and state your thesis. Paradoxical – led the reader into the essay by persuading him or her that, although your case seems improbably it is actually true. Corrective –persuades the reader that the subject has not been addressed adequately yet, which your essay will remedy. Preparatory – persuades the reader that some unusual feature of your case is worth attending to narrative – persuades the reader by providing narrative detail that leads to the subject at hand. |
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an outline is crucial for two reasons: first, it indicates that |
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18. Summary – must be accurate and brief. Do not introduce a new thought/idea here. Emotional appeal conclusion –after exhausting the logical appeal in your essay, pathos may be used in the conclusion to persuade the reader’s emotions tail biting snake – the writer retrieves some element of the introduction – an idea image or piece of text – and repeats it and varies it in the conclusion |
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an excellent rhetor is a lover of word...phrases, clauses, and sentences too.... |
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20. The study of diction where words are appropriate, precise, concise, and vivid. Evaluation and use of figurative language- schemes and tropes. Evaluation and proper use of syntax. |
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"Thou has it now--King, Cawdor, Glamis, all/As the Weird Women promised" |
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"We hear our bloody cousins are bestowed/In England and in Ireland, not confessing/ Their cruel parricide." |
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"Go not my horse the better, / I must become a borrower of the night/ For a dark hour or twain." |
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"We have scorched the snake, not killed it" |
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"His absence, sir/ Lays blame upon his promise. Please 't your/ Highness/ to grace us with your royal company?" |
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" Sit, worthy friends. My lord is often thus/ And hath been from his youth. Pray you, keep seat. " |
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"It will have blood, they say; blood will have blood." |
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" You lack the season of all natures, sleep." |
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"And you all know, security/ Is mortals' chiefest enemy." |
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" Only I say/ Things have been strangely borne" |
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"Let this pernicious hour/ Stand aye accursed in the calendar!" |
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" Infected be the air whereon they ride/ And damned all those that trust them!" |
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"His flight was madness. When our actions do not/ Our fears do make us traitors" |
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" I am so much a fool, should I stay longer/ It would be my disgrace and your discomfort." |
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" The liars and swearers are fools, for there/ are liars and swearers enough to beat the honest/ men and hang them up." |
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" But I remember now/ I am in this earthly world, where to do harm/ is often laudable, to do good sometime/ accounted dangerous folly." |
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" O Scotland, O Scotland!" |
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" I am yet/ Unknown to woman, never was forsworn, / Scarcely have cobeted what was mine own." |
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" Let not your ears despise my tongue forever." |
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" Give sorrow words. The grief that does not speak/ Whispers the o'erfraught heart and bids it break." |
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"What's done cannot be undone." |
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" God, God forgive us all." |
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" I'll fight till from my bones my flesh be hacked." |
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"Let every soldier hew him down a bough/ And bear't before him." |
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"Life's but a walking a shadow." |
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" The devil himself could not pronounce a title/ More hateful to mine ear." |
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"My soul is too much charged/ with blood of thine already." |
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"Hail, King of Scotland!" |
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"So thanks to all at once and to each one, /Whome we invite to see us crowned at Scone." |
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-good/evil (night killed Duncan, candle of Lady Macbeth, Banquo's murder) |
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bloody dagger, Banquo's ghost |
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Macbeth (courageous--> coward) |
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noble king killed by Macbeth |
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give Macbeth and Banquo prophecies (fates) |
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-son of Duncan - flees to England--> later becomes king of Scotland |
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-son of Duncan - flees to Ireland after father's murder |
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-Thane of Cawdor - kills to get what he wants |
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-wife of Macbeth -kills herself -persuades and manipulates her husband |
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- Macbeth's lieutenant - announces queen's death |
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-says Lady Macbeth needs divine not doctor (forgiveness) |
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-observes Lady Macbeth's sleepwalking and tells doctor about it |
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-drunken door attendaant of Macbeth's castle - pretends he is guarding gates of hell |
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-brave, noble, bestfriend of Macbeth -recieves prophecy that his children will inherit Scottish throne |
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- hostile to Macbeth - leader of crusade against Macbeth - Thane of Fife - kills Macbeth - plays role of avenger |
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- Macduff's wife - killed by murders hired by Macbeth |
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-cheers up his mother - defends his father but is killed -tells mother to run away |
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-Duncan's nobleman -observer -suspects Macbeth as the murderer |
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-Macduff's cousin, serves as messanger (Mac's military victory and Macduff's family's death) |
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travels with Ross to tell Duncan battle news - bestows Macbeth as Thane of Cawdor with Scottish rebels |
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Scotish nobleman of Scotland that rebels against Macbeth |
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Scottish nobleman of Scotland that rebels against Macbeth |
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Earl of Northumberland - General of the English forces |
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-dies trying to kill Macbeth - Siward's son |
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