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Eng 111
vocab quiz 1
48
English
Undergraduate 1
08/28/2012

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Term
Aesthetics
Definition
a particular theory or conception of beauty
Term
Altruism
Definition
unselfish regard for or devotion to the welfare of others
Term
Animism
Definition
attribution of conscious life to objects in and phenomena of nature or to inANIMate objects
Term
Antithesis
Definition
rhetorical contrast of ideas by means of parallel arrangements of words, clauses, or sentences; the direct opposite
Term
Archetype
Definition
the original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies ; a perfect example
Term
bioethics
Definition
a discipline dealing with the ethical implications of biological research
Term
confucianism
Definition
philosophy of Chinese philosopher Confucius
Term
Connotation
Definition
suggesting the meaning by a word different from the actual meaning; something suggested by a word or thing
Term
corporeal
Definition
having, consisting of, or relating to a physical material body

Example: Corporeal cravings such as hunger and thirst
Term
Cynicism
Definition
a self-centered attitude or quality
Term
deontology
Definition
theory or study of moral obligation
Term
dichotomy
Definition
division into two contradictory groups or entities
Term
dualism
Definition
the quality or state of being dual or of having dual nature
Term
eclecticism
Definition
theory or practice of composed elements drawn from various sources
Term
enlightenment
Definition
the act or means of enlightening; epiphany
Term
epicureanism
Definition
a theory devoted to ones sensual pleasures such as food
Term
essence
Definition
properties and attributes by means of which something can be placed in the proper class or identified as what it is
Term
ethos
Definition
the guiding beliefs of a person, group, or organization
Term
fatalism
Definition
the belief that what will happen has already been decided and cannot be changed.
Term
hedonism
Definition
the belief that pleasure or happiness is the most important goal in life
Term
heuristic
Definition
using experience to learn and improve
Term
humanism
Definition
a system of values and beliefs that is based on the idea that people are basically good and that problems can be solved using reason instead of religion
Term
idealism
Definition
the attitude of a person who believes that it is possible to live according to very high standards of behavior and honesty
Term
inference
Definition
the act of inferring or reaching a conclusion about something known from facts or evidence
Term
logos
Definition
persuading by the use of reasoning
Term
materialism
Definition
a way of thinking that gives too much importance to material possesions
Term
metaphysics
Definition
the part of philosophy that is concerned with the basic causes and nature of things
Term
methodology
Definition
a set of methods, rules, or ideas that are important in a science or art
Term
mysticism
Definition
a religious practice based on the belief that knowledge of spiritual truth can be gained by prayer or thinking deeply
Term
nihilism
Definition
the belief that traditional morals, ideas, beliefs, have no worth or value
Term
objectivism
Definition
philosophy by ayn rand that humans have direct contact with reality through sense perception and the proper moral purpose of ones life is the pursuit of happiness
Term
Ontology
Definition
the study of the nature of being, existing, or reality
Term
Optimism
Definition
a feeling or belief that good things will happen in the future
Term
Pantheism
Definition
philosophy that everything is part of an all-encompassing immanent God
Term
Pathos
Definition
a quality that causes people to feel sympathy and sandess
Term
platonism
Definition
philosophy of plato
Term
pluralism
Definition
situation in which people of different social classes, religions, races are together in a society but continue to have their different traditions
Term
pragmatism
Definition
reasonable and logical way of doing things or of thinking about problems that is based on dealing with specific situations instead of on ideas and theories
Term
quintessence
Definition
the most important part of something
Term
rationalism
Definition
the belief that reason and experience should be the basis for your actions
Term
realism
Definition
the quality of a person who understands what is real and possible
Term
semiotics
Definition
study of signs and symbols and how they are used ; semaphore
Term
sophistry
Definition
use of reasoning or arguments that sound correct but are actually false
Term
stoicism
Definition
the quality or behavior of a person who accepts what happens without complaining or showing emotion
Term
transcendental
Definition
transcendent; to go beyond ordinary limits
Term
utilitarianism
Definition
the belief that a morally good action is one that helps the greatest number of people
Term
utopianism
Definition
an imaginary place in which government, laws, and social conditions are perfect
Term
zetetic
Definition
proceeding by inquiry; investigating
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