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| the breakdown of glucose without oxygen; used in making bread; products of this fermentation are alcohol and carbon dioxide |
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| breakdown of glucose without oxygen present; occurs in animal muscle cells; causes a sore feeling in the muscles |
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| 3 carbon substance that is the end product of cellular respiration |
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| Process used by autotrophs to change light energy into chemical energy |
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| process where glucose is broken down to form ATP |
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| a.k.a. dark cycle, light-independent cycle; phase of photosynthesis that occurs during night to produce glucose |
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| process where glucose is broken down; occurs in the cytoplasm |
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| organisms that can capture sunlight and change the light energy into chemical energy |
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| structure in the chloroplast that contains chlorophyll; light energy is changed into chemical energy in this structure |
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| a.k.a. aerobic process; occurs after glycolysis if oxygen is present, in the mitochondria |
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| occurs after glycolysis if oxygen is not present |
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| organisms that obtain their energy by eating other organisms; cannot make their own food from trapped sunlight |
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| green pigment in plants that trap most colors of sunlight |
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| A group of compounds that pass excited electrons from one to another across a membrane to create 34 ATP |
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| a.k.a. citric acid cycle; occurs in the mitochondria; produces 2 ATP |
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| Molecule consisting of adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphate groups, responsible for storing energy; energy is stored in the bonds between phosphate groups |
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| molecule consisting of adenine, ribose, and 2 phosphate groups; result of a phosphate being broken from ATP and energy being released; can be use to make ATP by bonding with a free phosphate group |
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| phase of photosynthesis that occurs during daylight hours; uses water to change light energy into chemical energy |
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| the splitting of water using light energy |
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| process where energy is used to produce carbohydrates (sugars) |
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| the breakdown of glucose without oxygen present; 2 types: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation |
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| a.k.a. Kreb's cycle; the change of pyruvic acid into ATP and acetic acid; occurs in mitochondria |
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