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Definition
| Ability to do work or cause motion |
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Definition
- potential energy
- kinetic energy
- chemical energy
- activation energy
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Definition
| stored/positioned/stationary |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| energy needed to start a reaction |
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| who provides activtion energy? |
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Definition
| enzymes in the human body |
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Definition
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| Describe the ATP, ADP Supply cycle |
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Definition
| describe outloud and check answer in notes |
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Definition
- are recyclable
- denatured by acids and heat
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Term
| modefied lock and key hypothesis |
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Definition
| when enzymes change to fit substrate |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 major steps of aerobic respiration |
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Definition
- glycolysis
- formation of acetyl coenzyme A (AC-CoA)
- Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
- Electron TRansport Chain and Chemiosmosis
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Term
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Definition
- splitting of glucose
- happens within the cytoplasm
- yields 2 molecules of pyruvic acid and 4 ATP
- Net gain: 2 ATP
- anaerobic
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Definition
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Definition
| requires the use of oxygen |
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Definition
- Aerobic
- happens in the mitochondria
- 2 pyruvic acids diffuse into the mitochondria
- 2 acetic acids + 2 coenzyme A --> 2 AC-CoA
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Term
| Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) |
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Definition
- Aerobic
- Within mitochondria
- 2 molecules of AC-CoA are converted into citric acid
- Requires 6H2O
- Produces 4CO2 and 2ATP
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Term
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Definition
- coenzymes NAD and FAD accept H+ ions to form NADH and FADH
- NADH and FADH transport H electrons and protons to large protein complexes embedded within the cristae of the mitochondria
- electron and proton energy is used to combine ADP and a phosphate group --> 32 ATP and 12 H2O molecules
- ATP is created when the protons pass through a spinning ATP synthase located in the cristae
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Term
| anaerobic respiration is performed by |
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Definition
| mostly microbes (ex. yeast) and only by plants and animals when they are deprived of oxygen |
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Definition
- anaerobic respiration
- lactic acid fermentation
- alcoholic fermentation
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Term
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Definition
- happens when muscles are deprived of oxygen
- glucose -> 2pyruvic acids -> lactic acid + 4 ATPs
- used 2 ATPs for glycolysis
- net gain: 2 ATPs
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Term
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Definition
- glucose -. 2 pyruvic acid -> ethyl alcohol + 4 ATPs + 2 CO2
- net gain: 2 ATPs
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Definition
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Definition
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| 3 types of energy sources |
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Definition
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Definition
- glucose -> pyruvic acid -> forms AC-CoA -> Krebs -> ETC
- Lipis -> Fatty acids +glycerol ->forms AC-CoA -> Krebs -> ETC
- Protein -> Amino Acid -> Forms AC-CoA -> Krebs -> ETC
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Term
| simple formula for cellular respiration |
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Definition
| 36 ADP + 35 -P (phosphate group) + C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP |
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