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Endocrinology- 2. Features
General Features
8
Medical
Undergraduate 4
02/17/2010

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Term
Glands
Definition
a. ductless
b. extensively vascularized
Term
Hormones
Definition
a. secreted into bloodstream (in small amounts)
b. access to most body cells
c. interact with cells by binding to specific receptors
d. receptors are membrane-bound or intraceullular
Term
Gland Regulation:
Definition
a. neuronal input
b. hormonal input
c. both neuronal and hormonal input
d. responsive to neuronal regulation of vascular flow
Term
Hormone Chemical Qualities
Definition
1. amines (from tyrosine)
2. peptides/proteins
3. peptides
4. glycoproteins
5. steroids (from cholesterol)
Term
Hormone Actions (affect…)
Definition
1. enzyme activity, enzyme synthesis, metabolism
2. growth & differentiation
3. cell cycle / cell death
4. other hormone production
5. regulate membrane ion permeability
6. regulate membrane receptor turnover
7. regulate transporter / pump activity
8. transport systems
9. cell movement / attachment
Term
Hormone Mechanisms
Definition
1. Hormone recognized, bound by a receptor
2. H-R complex coupled to a signal-generating complex or act itself
3. Generated signal alters activity of enzymes, functional protein to give effect
Term
Ectohormones
--pheromones
Definition
intraspecific, organism-organism chemical messengers (same
species)
Term
Ectohormones
--allochemics
Definition
interspecific, organism-organism chemical messengers (different
species)
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