Term
| What is primarily secreted by the Zona Fasciculata? |
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Definition
| Glucocorticoids (Cortisol) |
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Term
| What are the 6 effects of glucocorticoids? |
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Definition
| 1. Stimulates gluconeogenesis 2. Mobilization of amino acids from extrahepatic tissues serve as substrates for gluconeogenesis.3.Inhibition of glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue. 4.Stimulates fat breakdown. 5. Glucocorticoids anti-inflammatory and immonsuppressive properties. 6.Essential for stress response. |
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Term
| What are the 3 ways in which glucorticoids have anti-inflammatory effects? |
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Definition
| 1. Induce synthesis of lipocortin, an inhibitor of phospholipase A2. 2. Inhibit production of interleukin-2 and inhibit proliferation of T lymphocytes. 3. Inhibit release of histamine and serotonin from mast cells and platelets. |
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Term
| What is the immonosuppressive MECHANISM of glucorticoids? |
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Definition
| Supress cell-mediated immunity by cytokines IL-1 through IL-8 and TNF-y. Suppress Humoral immunity by causing B cells to express smaller amounts of IL-2 and its receptor. |
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Term
| What is the physiologic replacement of glucocorticoid? |
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Definition
| Any glucucorticoid can be given in a does that provides approximately the same glucocorticoid effects as normal cortisol production. |
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Term
| What are some uses besides management of glucose uses that glucocorticoids are used for in the clinic? |
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Definition
| In high doses glucocorticoids are used to suppress various allergic, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders. Administered as posttransplantory immunosuppressants to prevent the acute transplant rejection and graft-versus-host disease. used cortisol, prednisone, dexamethasone. |
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Term
| What are the negative side effects of glucocorticoid treatment? |
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Definition
| 1. Hyperglycemia due to increased gluconeogenesis 2. Increased skin fragility, easy bruising 3. Reduced bone density 4. Weight gain due to increased visceral and truncal fat deposition 5. Anovulation, irregularity of menstrual periods 6. Growth failure, pubertal delay 7. Excitatory effect on CNS |
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