Term
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Definition
4 Classifications of Hormones:
Peptide/Protein
Steroid (Cholesterol)
Modified Amino Acid
Modified Fatty Acid |
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Term
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Definition
–composed of chains of amino acids of varying length
–generally hydrophilic and act by binding to receptors on the cell surface |
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Term
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Definition
–generally hydrophobic
–can easily cross cell membrane and interact with intracellular receptors |
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Term
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Definition
–can be either hydrophilic or hydrophobic |
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Term
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Definition
–typically these are hydrophilic |
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Term
| Examples of Steroid Hormones |
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Definition
Estradiol
Progesterone
Testosterone
Corticosterone
Cortisol
Aldosterone
Vitamin D3 |
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Term
| Modified Amino Acid Examples |
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Definition
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Term
Modified Fatty Acid Examples
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Definition
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Term
| Hormones with Cell Surface Receptors |
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Definition
Proteins, Peptides, Fatty Acids
Large, Water Soluble |
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Term
| Hormones with Intracellular Receptors |
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Definition
Steroids, Amino Acids
Small, Lipid Soluble |
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Term
| What's the difference between at kinase and a phosphatase? |
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Definition
Kinase- adds PO4
Phosphatase- removes PO4 |
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Term
| Proteins can be activated and inactivated by changes in phosphorylation |
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Definition
Serine/Threonine kinases
Tyrosine kinases
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Term
| G Protein Coupled Receptors |
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Definition
| Act via G protein complex to activate enzymes, all GPCRs have 7 transmembrane domains, and release second messengers (IP3, DAG, Ca2+, cAMP) for signal amplification |
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Term
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Definition
Receptor in the cytoplasm or nucleus
DNA binding proteins
Regulate transcription |
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