Term
| Hypothalamus locations and hormones |
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Definition
Funnel-like floor of 3rd ventricle of brain.
Thryotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
Somatostatin. |
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Term
| Pituitary Gland location and hormones |
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Definition
Attached to hypothalamus by stalk, 2 glands: adenhypophysis and neurohypophysis.
Hormones synthesized by hypothalamus. |
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Term
| Pineal Gland location and hormones |
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Definition
At roof of 3rd ventricle of brain.
Secretes melatonin -> regulates mood, circadian rhythm, and timing of puberty. |
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Term
| Thymus location and hormones |
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Definition
Above heart in mediastinum.
Secretes hormones that regulates T lymphocyte activity and development of other lymphatic prgrans.
thyropoeitin, thrymosin and thymulin. |
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Term
| Thyroid Gland location and hormones |
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Definition
Located in neck below larynx. 2 glands joined by a bridge (isthmus). Composed of thyroid follicles with cuboidal epithelium.
T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (triiodothryonine) secreted to elevate metabolic rate and stimulates early brain and bone development.
Clear (C) cells located between follicles that secretes calcitonin -> lowers blood Calcium concentration in children. |
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Term
| Parathryoid Gland location and hormones |
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Definition
Located on posterior side of thyroid gland.
Secretes parathyroid hormone -> increases blood Calcium concentration by increasing bone resorption |
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Term
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Definition
| epinephrine and norepiniphrine - complement effects of sympathetic nervous system. |
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Term
| Adrenal Cortex layers + hormones |
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Definition
1. Zona Glomerulosa - aldosterone -> Na retention and urinary K excretion.
2. Zona Fasciulata - cortisol and corticosterone (glucocorticoids) -> stimulate fat, glucose, and protein metabolism.
3. Zona Reticularis - DHEA, androstenedione (androgens) -> stimulate reproductive development and behavior in both sexes. |
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Term
| Pancreatic Islets Cells + hormones. |
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Definition
1. Alpha - glucagon -> stimulates glucose release in between meals.
2. Beta - insulin -> stimulates glucose uptake by cells during and after a meal.
3. Delta - somatostatin
4. PP (F) cells - pancreatic polypeptide.
5. G cells - gastin |
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Term
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Definition
1. Ovaries - estrogen, progesterone, inhibin.
2. Testes - testosterone and inhibin. |
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Term
| Glands that regress after childhood and what hormones |
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Definition
1. Pineal Gland - melatonin.
2. Thymus - thymosin, thymulin, thymopoietin.
3. Thyroid Gland - clear (C) cells -> calcitonin -> promotes bone deposition lowers blood Ca concentration in children. |
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