Term
| what are the 5 pure endocrine organs? |
|
Definition
pineal
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenal glands
pituitary |
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 organs containing endocrine cells? |
|
Definition
pancreas
gonad
thymus
hypothalamus |
|
|
Term
| where is the pineal gland located |
|
Definition
| epithalamus of diencephalon |
|
|
Term
| 2 parts of pituitary gland (hypophysis)? |
|
Definition
neurohypophysis (posterior)
adenohypophysis (anterior) |
|
|
Term
| function of pineal glands? |
|
Definition
| synthesizes/secretes melatonin |
|
|
Term
| hypophyseal portal system |
|
Definition
| specialized set of blood vessels that deliver hormones from hypothalamus to pituitary |
|
|
Term
what are the 3 divisions of adenohyphosis?
2 divisions of neurohypophysis? |
|
Definition
pars distalis, pars intermedia, pars tuberalis
pars nervosa, infundibular |
|
|
Term
| where r tropic hormones located? function? |
|
Definition
pars distalis (largest division of anterior pituitary lobe)
regulate hormone secretion by other glands. |
|
|
Term
what do the axons make up in posterior lobe of pituitary?
it's axons arise from neuronal cell bodies in hypothalamus, name 2 things n what they make |
|
Definition
hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract
supraoptic nucleus - makes ADH
paraventriclar nucleus - makes oxytocin |
|
|
Term
which 2 hormones do thyroid gland produce?
what do they do?
what 2 does parathyroid glands contain? |
|
Definition
1. thyroid hormone - dietary iodine needed for normal production
2. calcitonin - decreases Ca2+ in blood
chief cells: produce parathyroid hormone (PTH) = inc. Ca2+ in blood
oxyphil cells |
|
|
Term
| 2 parts of adrenal gland? |
|
Definition
adrenal medulla
adrenal cortex |
|
|
Term
| which type of cells are in adrenal medulla, what do they do? |
|
Definition
chromaffin cells
secrete hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
function of adrenal cortex?
what are the 3 layers in it? |
|
Definition
secretes lipid-based steroid hormones
1. zona glomerulosa - secretes mineral corticoids: aldosterone which maintains bp
2. zona fasciculata - secretes glucocoricoid cortisol
3. zona reticularis - secretes glucocorticoid cortisol; secretes androgen DHEA |
|
|
Term
| what is the adrenal gland response to prolonged stress? |
|
Definition
- hypothalamus release CRH
- stimulates adenohypophysis to release ACTH
- signals adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids/mineralcorticoids
|
|
|
Term
| 2 types of cells in pancreas are? |
|
Definition
exocrine cells (r acinar cells)
endocrine cells (spherical bodies called pancreatic islets of Langerhans) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secrete digestive enzymes |
|
|
Term
| main endocrine cell types in pancreas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do T lymphocytes mature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what releases glycoprotein hormones and what does it influence? |
|
Definition
gonads (testis/ovaries)
gonadotropic secretion |
|
|
Term
| what are the gonad glycoprotein hormones? |
|
Definition
Inhibin - suppress secretion of FSH
Activin - releases FSH
Follistatin - binds to activin, blocks its action, which can indirectly contribute to inhibition of FSH |
|
|
