Term
| Thyroid Stimulating hormone |
|
Definition
Function: Acts on the thyroid gland and stimulates secretion of the thyroid hormone
Dysfunction: Hypersecretion..Graves Disease, Hypothyroid.. Goiter, cretinism, myzedema |
|
|
Term
| Adrenocorticoptropic Hormone (ACTH) |
|
Definition
Function: Acts on the adrenal cortex, stimulates the adrenal cortex to increase in size and to secrete cortisol
Dysfunction: Hypersecretion..overstimulation of the adrenal cortex hormones. Hyposecretion..unerstimulation of the adrenal cortex hormones |
|
|
Term
| Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) |
|
Definition
Function: Stimulates the primary ovarian follicles in an ovary to start growning and to coninue developing to maturnity...point of ovulations. FSH also stimulates follicle cells to secrete estrogens. In males it stimultes the seminiferous tubules to grow and form sperm.
Dysfunction: Hyposecretion..lack of sexual development and sterility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Female Function: stimulates maturation of ovarian follicle and ovum; secretion of estrogen ; triggers ovulation , stimulates development of corpus luteum.
Male Function: stimulates interstial cells in the testes to develop and secrete testosterone.
Dysfunction: Hyposecretion..lacke of sexual development and sterility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Speeds up the movement o fdigested proteins (amino acids) out of th eblood and into the cells and accelerates the cell's anabolism (build up) of amino acids to form tissue proteins. Also affects fat and carbohydrate metabolism; accelerates fat catabolism and slows down glucose catablolism thus allowing less glucose to leave the blood and enter the cells and allowing more glucose in the blood to increase.
Dysfunction: Hypersecretion..hyperglycemia...early years of growth can be gigantism, after normal growth years can be acromegaly
Hyposecretion during growth years is dwarfism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlarged hands, feet, jaws and cheeks. Usually a prominent forehead and large nose, pores and mandible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| child grows to a giant size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pituitary dwarfism: frame of normal proportions but much smaller
Dwarfism: oddly proportioned body frame |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hormone..not tropic...produced by the anterior pituitary gland, considered a lacotogenic hormone. During pregnancy, prolactin stimulates the breast development, lactation and delivery of milk secretion. |
|
|
Term
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Posterior Pituitary Gland |
|
Definition
| accelerates the reabsorption of water from urine in the kidney tubles back into the blood...resulting in less urine leaving the body. |
|
|
Term
Oxytocin
Posterior Pituitary gland |
|
Definition
Secreted by the females body before and after the birth of a baby, stimulates contractions of smooth muscles of a pregnant uterus and is believed to initiate labor.
Can cause milk to let down and is often perscribed to induce labor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces ADH and Oxytocin
Has both an endocrine and nervous function.
Release of ADH and oxytocin into the blood is controlled by nervous stimulation
Produces releasing and inhibiting hormones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located in the neck just below the larynx. The thyroid gland is different because it stores the thyroid hormoes in the form of colloidal compound. Stored in follicles of the thyroid gland...when needed secreted into the blood. |
|
|
Term
Thyroxine (T4)
Secreted by the Thryroid Gland |
|
Definition
| More abundant than T3, contains four atoms of iodine, released into the blood slowly. 1/2 of the thyroxine in the blood is released to the tissue cells about every 6 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| More potent than T4, contains 3 atoms of iodine, rleased to the cells in about 1 day. 4 times more rpid than thyroxine. |
|
|
Term
Graves Disease
Hyperthyroididsm |
|
Definition
| due to oversecretion of the thyroid hormones, dramatic increse in metabolic rate. Food burned by the cells at excessive rate resulting in weight loss, nervous irritabliity, restlessness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can be caused by low intake of iodine resulting in a goiter. Iodized salt has reduced incidence in US of goiters. To produce a goiter, the gland enlarges in an attempt to compensate for the lack of iodine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| caused by hyposecretion of thyroid hormones during forative years of a child. Low metabolic rate, retarded growth and sexual development and often mental retardation are signs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| results in less mental and physical vigor, weight gain, loss of hair, accumulation of mucous fluid noticable around eyes. |
|
|
