Term
| How do Steroid hormones influence cellular activities? |
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Definition
by binding to DNA and forming a gene-hormone complex.
Steroid hormones enter the cell and form a DNA/hormone complex before they change cellular function. |
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Term
| What is the chemical classification of hormones? |
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Definition
| The chemical classification of hormones is either amino acid-based hormones or steroids |
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Term
| The metabolic rate of most body tissues is controlled directly by |
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Definition
| TH. Thyroid hormones control the consumption of oxygen by all body tissues, by way of an increase in glucose metabolism |
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Term
| How do protein kinases affect enzymes? |
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Definition
They add a phosphate group (phosphorylation) to the enzyme.
Protein kinases cause phosphorylation of the enzyme that either activates or inhibits it. |
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Term
| Water-soluble hormones exhibit the shortest: |
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Definition
| Water-soluble hormones exhibit the shortest half-life. |
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Term
| one or more changes hormonal stimulus typically produces |
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Definition
1 alters plasma membrane permeability by opening or closing ion channels
2 activats or deactivates enzymes
3 Induces secretory activity
4 Stimulates mitosis |
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Term
| Cyclic AMP secondary-messenger mechanisms of water-soluble hormones |
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Definition
1 Hormone binds to receptor
2 Receptor activates G protein
3 G protein activates adenylate cyclase
4 Adenylate cyclase converts ATP to Cyclis AMP
5 Cyclic AMP activates protein kinases |
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Term
| Direct gene activation mechanism of lipi-soluble hormone |
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Definition
1 Sterois hormone diffuses through the plasma membrane and binds to intracellular receptor
2 receptor hormone complex enters the nucleus
3 receptor hormone complex binds a hormone reponse element
4 binding intiates transcription of the gene to mRNA
5 mRNA directs protein synthesis |
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Term
| 3 types of endocrine gland stimuli |
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Definition
1 Humoral
2 Neural
3 Hormonal |
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Term
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Definition
1. pituutary
2. thyroid
3. parathyroid
4. adrenal
5. pineal |
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Term
| hormones alter cell activity by |
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Definition
| stimulation or inhibiting characteristics cellular processes of their target cells |
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Term
| What regulates the hormonal output of the anterior pituitary via releasing and inhibiting hormones |
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Definition
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