Term
| Hormones-chemical messangers |
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Definition
-Produced by glands in the body and secreted into the bloodstream. They communicate regulatory messages and are effective at very low concentrations
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Term
Difference between the nervous and endocrine systems?
Also, they can be BOTH! Norepinephrine |
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Definition
-Neurotransmitters
Rapid acting, control over short time periods (sec to mins), released by nerons, cross synapses
examples: heart rate, respiration, voluntary muscle contractions
-Hormones
More slowly acting, control of things that change over long time periods (mins to years), specialized glands, they travel throughout blood stream
Examples: growth, reproduction, metabolism |
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Term
| Hormonal signaling (3 events): Reception of a signal |
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Definition
binding to a receptor
1. may be positive or negative depending on receptor
2. receptor presense and abundance modulates signal strength |
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Term
Hormonal signaling (3 events): Signal transduction
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Definition
| triggering of changes within a cell |
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Term
Hormonal signaling (3 events): Response of the Cell
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Definition
| e.g., production of protein |
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Term
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Definition
Produce hormones, regulate pituitary system
*hypothalamic-pituitary portal circulationn
*Nerve connections |
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Term
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Definition
| produce hormones, regulare peripheral glands |
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Term
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Definition
thyroid: metabolism
Pancreas: blood glucose
Adrenal: stress, osmoregulation
Ovaries/testes: sex and reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
ADH- anti-diuretic hormone
Regulates blood osmolarity of water reabsorbtion
Atrial Naturiatic factor
ANF interferes with ADH |
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Term
| Malfunctions of the Endocrine System |
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Definition
Pituitary gland
Growth Hormone (too much=giantism!)
Growth Hormone (too little=dwarfism)
The Dutch are the tallest people! |
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Term
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Definition
Produces the hormones insulin and glucagon-regulate blood glucose.
*Insulin-lowers blood in glucose
*Glucagon-raises blood glucose
If they malfunction diabetes could occur
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Term
Pancreas:
Type I Diabetes |
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Definition
| In children and young adults, immune system disorder-IS destroys beta cells (insulin producing cells) |
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Term
Pancreas:
Type II or Adult-onset diabetes
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Definition
Deficiency of insulin responsiveness of target cells (loss of sugars in urine!)
Excess body weight and lack of exercise important (typically after age of 40)
Most common, can cause ampuation and blindness! |
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Term
| If you are losing glucose in your urine, the pancreas is not producing enough.... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Produces epinephrine (=adrenaline) and norephinephrine
Produced in response to negative or positive (increased blood flow to heart and lungs, accelerated heartbeat, increased blood pressure) |
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Term
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Definition
produces corticosteroids such as glucocoticoids which affect long term responses to stress
Suppress digestion
Suppress immune system |
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Term
You find an endothermic animal with a four-chambered heart that produces uric acid as a waste product. You might reasonably expect this animal:
a. breathes using gills
b. has the ability to fly ***
c. gives birth to live young
d. can produce milk
e. undergoes metamorphosis
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Definition
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