Endocrine System

(Function)

-Make and release hormones

-Secrete hormones into blood stream

-Visceral Efferent (GVE) pathways [neural]

-Hormones triggering other hormones [hormonal]

-Blood levels of an agent [humeral]

Hormones

(Function)

-Hormone specific (will trigger release of another hormone)

-Something that will do the work the hormone wants done.

Endocrine gland -> Blood -> Target (Receptor) -> Desired Response?

-No: Start loop again

-Yes: No more hormone is released

Endocrine gland -> Blood -> Target (Receptor) -> Desired Response?

-No: No more hormone is released

-Yes: Start loop again

Pituitary (Hypophysis)

"master gland"

-Sits in Sella Turcica

-Two lobes:

Adenohypophysis

Neurohypophysis

-Controlled by Hypothalamus

Hormones secreted:

-Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

-Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

-Growth hormone (GH)

Hormones secreted:

-Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

-Oxytocin

-Controls metabolism (cellular activity)

-Regulates calcium levels, responds to higher than normal levels of blood calcium

Hormones secreted:

-Thyroxine

-Calcitonin

-Hyperthyroidism: too much Thyroxine (wired)

-Hypothyroidism: not enough Thyroxine (tired)

Adrenal Gland

(Suprarenal Gland)

-Two glands in one

-Adrenal medulla (middle)

-Adrenal cortex (outside)

-Release steroids (SAIDs)

-Cortisol released in response to stress

-SAIDs released in response to inflammation

-Acts as postsynaptic fiber

-Mimics sympathetic pathway

Hormones released:

-Norepinephrine

-Adrenaline

-Lasts longer than a postsynaptic fiber

-Both endocrine and exocrine

Endocrine:

-Releases insulin in response to a raise in blood sugar

-Secretes glucogen in response to low levels of blood sugar

-Islets in pancreas tissue is where the hormone is produced