• Anterior Pituitary

• Stimulates increase in size and rate of body cells

• Stimulated by growth hormone-releasing hormone

• Promotes growth of long bone

• Also called somatotropin

• Anterior Pituitary

• Stimulates and sustains milk production

• Inhibited by prolactin-release inhibiting hormone

• Anterior Pituitary

• Controls secretions of hormones
from the thyroid gland

• Controlled by thyrotropin-releasing hormone

• Anterior Pituitary

• Controls secretions of
adrenal cortex hormones (some)

• Controlled by corticotropin-releasing hormone

• Anterior Pituitary
• Stimulates development of
egg-containing follicles in ovaries

• Stimulates follicular cells to secrete estrogen

• Stimulates production of sperm cells

• Controlled by gonadotropin-releasing hormone

• Anterior Pituatary

• Promotes secretions of sex hormones

• Stimulates release of egg from ovary

• Controlled by gonadotropin-releasing hormone

• Anterior Pituatary

• Stimulates rate of melanin synthesis
by melanocytes in integument

• Stimulates distribution of melanocytes in skin

• Posterior Pituitary (stored)

• Causes kidneys to reduce water excretion

• In high concentration, raises blood pressure

• Controlled by hypothalamus in response to blood water concentration and blood volume

• Also called vasopressin

• Posterior Pituitary (stored)

• Stimulates uterine contractions

• Stimulates mammary glands to release milk

• Controlled by hypothalamus in response to stretch in uterine and vaginal walls and stimulation of breasts

Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)

or Thyroid Hormones

• Thyroid gland

• Increases rate of energy release
from carbohydrates

• Increases rate of protein synthesis

• Accelerates growth

• Stimulates activity in the nervous system

• Controlled by TSH

• Thyroid gland

• Lowers blood Ca++ and Pi concentrations
by inhibiting their release from bones

• Increases rate at which
calcium and phospate are deposited in bones

• Produced by parafollicular cells

• Parathyroid glands

• Increases blood calcium levels

• Decreases blood phosphate levels

• Stimulates bone resorption by osteoclasts

• Inhibits osteoblasts

• Stimulates kidneys to retain
calcium and excrete phosphate

• Promotes calcium absorption into intestine

• Adrenal cortex

• Increases blood volume and pressure by
promoting conservation of Na+ and water

• Principle mineralocorticoid

• Adrenal cortex

• Decreases protein synthesis

• Increases fatty acid release

• Stimulates glucose synthesis
from noncarbohydrates

• Glucocorticoid

• Adrenal cortex

• Sex hormones (androgens)

• Adrenal medulla

• Sympathetic division of ANS

• Prepares body for emergency
or "fight-or-flight" situation

• Also called adrenaline

• Adrenal medulla

• Sympathetic division of ANS

• Prepares body for emergency
or "fight-or-flight" situation

• Also called noraadrenaline

• Pineal gland

• Regulates circadian rhythms

• May control onset of puberty

• Cyclic production

• Helps regulate female reproductive cycle

• Thymus

• Promotes development of certain lymphocytes

• Kidneys

• Stimulates erythrocyte production and maturation

• Pancreas

• Secreted by alpha cells of pancreatic islets

• Stimulates liver to breakdown glycogen

• Stimulates liver to convert
noncarbohydrates into glucose

• Stimulates breakdown of fats

• Controlled by blood glucose levels

• Ovaries, placenta

• Promote the development of female
secondary sex characteristcs

• Regulates functions important
to maturation of sperm in males

• Ovaries, placenta

• Stimulate growth of lining in uterus

• Helps breast make milk

• Testes, adrenal glands

• Principle male sex hormone