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Endocrine System
N/A
25
Anatomy
12th Grade
11/12/2013

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Term
Endocrine Glands
Definition
Organized grooups of tissues which use materials from the blood or lymph to make new compounds called hormones.
Term
Exocrine gland
Definition
The secretions from the gland must go through a duct. The duct carries the secretion to a body surface organ.
Term
Islets of Langerhans
Definition
Special group of cells that secrete the hormone insulin directly into the bloodstream,
Term
Negative feedback
Definition
Occurs when there is a drop in the level of a hormone.
Term
Pituitary gland
Definition
A tiny structure about the size of a grape.
Term
Growth Hormone
Definition
Responsible for growth and development.
Term
Posterior pituitary lobe
Definition
Stores hormones produced by the hypothalamus.
Term
Thyroid gland
Definition
A butterfly-shaped mass of tissue located in the anterior part of the neck.
Term
Calcitonin
Definition
Produced and secreted by the thyroid gland.
Term
Thymus gland
Definition
Is both an endocrine gland and a lymphatic organ.
Term
Adrenalin
Definition
A powerful cardiac stimulant.
Term
Pancreas
Definition
Located behind the stomach and functions as both an exocrine and an endocrine gland.
Term
Pineal gland
Definition
A small pinecone-shaped organ attached by a slim stalk to the roof fo the third ventricle in the brain.
Term
Melatonin
Definition
Hormone produced by the pineal gland.
Term
Gigantism
Definition
An overgrowth of the long bones leading to excessive tallness.
Term
Acromegaly
Definition
An overdevelopment of the bones of the face, hands, and feet.
Term
Diabetes insipidus
Definition
A deep drop in the amount of ADH, which causes an excessive loss of water and electrolytes.
Term
Goiter
Definition
Enlargement of the thyroid gland.
Term
Exophthalmos
Definition
Bulging of the eyes.
Term
Hypothyroidism
Definition
A condition in which the thyroid gland does not secrete sufficient thyroxin.
Term
Cretinism
Definition
A lack of mental and physical growth, resulting in mental retardation and malformation.
Term
Tetany
Definition
Hypofunctioning of the parathyroid glands.
Term
Addison's disease
Definition
Hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex.
Term
Hypoglycemia
Definition
Low blood sugar; insulin shock.
Term
Hyperglycemia
Definition
High blood sugar; diabetic coma.
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