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Endocrine Pharmacology
Endocrine
34
Pharmacology
Graduate
09/22/2016

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Cards

Term
Name three hormones that the hypothalamus releases to act with the anterior pituitary gland.
Definition
Growth Hormone, Somatostatin (GHIH), Prolactin Releasing Factor, Thryotropn Releasing Hormone, Corticotrophin releasing,gonadotrophin releasing, melanocyte stimulating, and prolacitn inhibiting
Term
What are the 6 big anterior pituitary hormones released?
Definition
GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH and Prolactin
Term
What are some conditions that can result from pituitary hypofunction?
Definition
Hypogonadism, secondary adrenal insufficiency, altered fluid regulation, hypothyroidism, diminished growth
Term
What does ACTH do? What does it help diagnose?
Definition
ACTH stimulates the adrenocorticosteroid pathway which converts cholesterol to cortisol in the adrenal cortex. Primarily used to diagnose adrenal insufficiency. (Primary, addisons)
Term
What are the 3 major Antidiuretic Hormones we need to know?
Definition
ADH replacements: Vasopressin - IV Desmopressin IV or Tablet
Term
What medication do we use for treating growth hormone deficiency?
Definition
Recombinant human GH/somatropin or insulin-like growth factor
Term
What is corticotropin used for?
Definition
Adrenal cortex stimulating hormone, sed to diagnose primary adernal cortex insufficiency (primary, addisons)
Term
What is desmopressin used for?
Definition
Antidiuretic hormone used for diabetes insipidus, nocturnal enuresis etc.
Term
What is Octeotide used for?
Definition
GH inhibitor, used for acromegaly conditions, acute blood loss conditions
Term
What is somatropin used for?
Definition
GH analog, used in growth failure, or AIDS related wasting syndrome
Term
What are the big pituitary drugs we need to know? (5)
Definition
Corticotropin, Desmopressin, Vasopressin, Octreotide, and Somatotropin
Term
What causes Acromegaly?
Definition
Adenomas causing a excessive production of GH (giagntism in children
Term
Whats the big medication patients with Acromegaly take?
Definition
BROmocriptine, which is a dopamine agonist, which decreased GH in acromegaly patients
Term
What regulates the release of TSH/TRH from the anterior pituitary gland?
Definition
T3/T4 which is released from the hypothalamus.
Term
What is graves disease and what will be some symptoms?
Definition
Overproduction of endogenous TH. Exophthalmos, enhanced reflexes, hyperhydrosis, tachycardia, tremor, heat intolerance, weight loss, nervousness.
Term
What medication do we use to treat hyperthyroidism?
Definition
Use Thionamides such as Propylthiouracil and Methimazole.
Term
how do thiomanides work?
Definition
Prevent production of T3/4 in the gland, blocks the conversion of T3/4 ouside the gland, and prevents TH production
Term
What medication is used during a "Thyroid Storm"?
Definition
Radioactive Iodine and then thionamides. (and beta blockers)
Term
Whats the big beta blocker we need to know?
Definition
Propranolol
Term
What are some symptoms of hypothyroidism?
Definition
bradychardia. lethargy, weight gain, cold intolerance, myxedema, goiter formation, increased LDL, CV disease
Term
What is the difference between primary and secondary hypothyroidism?
Definition
Primary: thyroid can't produce amount of hormones the pituitary calls for

Secondary: thyroid isn't being stimulated by pituitary to produce hormones.
Term
What medication do we use for hypothyroidism? TH replacement therapy....
Definition
Levothyroxine
Term
What concerns to PT's have with hypothyroidism treatment?
Definition
If treatment causes hyperthyroidism, we have to watch out for osteoporosis (increased bone resorption), or it can cause angina pain or arrhythmias.
Term
What type of drugs are used for adrenal dysfunction?
Definition
Glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, or Sex Steroids.
Term
Excessive glucocorticoids can cause what condition?
Definition
Cushing's Syndrome: muscle weakness, osteoporosis, moon face, central obesity, fragile skin, hypertension, diabetus, neuropsychiatric disorders.
Term
What condition comes from a lack of glucocorticoids?
Definition
Addison's Condition
Term
What is the primary glucocorticoid we talk/care about?
Definition
Cortisol
Term
What is the main mineralocorticoid we care about?
Definition
Aldosterone: stimulates Na/K pump, causing Na resorption and K/H excretion
Term
What should we do if we have a deficiency of aldosterone?
Definition
use fludrocortisone
Term
What if we have excessive aldosterone?
Definition
use aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone)
Term
What are the major corticosteroids we need to know (5)?
Definition
Prednisone, Methylprednisolone, Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone, Dexamethazone
Term
What's a key thing to keep in mind with corticosteroid use?
Definition
Remembmer long term use requires tapering off of the drug. Can't just up and quit it.
Term
Name a few corticosteroid side effects.
Definition
Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, diabetus mellitus, osteoporosis, anxiety, depression, collitis, hypertension, etc.
Term
What are the two main sec hormones we use?
Definition
Androgens and Estrogens/Progesterone
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