Term
| What is the most common adrenal medulla tumor in children? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Where do neuroblastomas occur? |
|
Definition
| Anywhere along the sympathetic chain (including adrenal medulla) in children |
|
|
Term
| What gene is associated with rapid progression of neuroblastomas? |
|
Definition
| Overexpression of N-myc oncogene |
|
|
Term
| What's found in the urine in neuroblastomas? |
|
Definition
| HVA (breakdown product of dopamine) |
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Term
| What's the difference between myxedema in hypothyroid vs hyperthyroid disease? |
|
Definition
Hypothyroid= facial/periorbital myxedema
Hyperthyroid (Grave's Disease only)= pretibial myxedema |
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Term
| What is the cause of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and what HLA is it associated with? |
|
Definition
Anitmicrosomal, antithyroid antibodies
assoc. with HLA-DR5 |
|
|
Term
| Give 2 histo findings in Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
|
Definition
Hürthle cells and lymphocytic infiltrate with germinal centers
[image] |
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Term
| What is cretinism and what are 5 physical findings? |
|
Definition
Severe fetal hypothyroidism;
pot-bellied
pale
puffy face
protruding umbilicus
protuberant tongue
[image] |
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|
Term
What is subacute thyroiditis?
- when do you get it
- what are 2 symptoms |
|
Definition
Self-limited hypothyroidism following a flu-like illness (can start as HYPERthyroid)
Get granulomatous inflammation and very tender thyroid |
|
|
Term
| What is a toxic multinodular goiter? |
|
Definition
Focal patches of hyperfunctioning follicular cells independent of TSH due to mutation in TSH receptor
rarely malignant |
|
|
Term
| What kind of thyroid nodules are more likely to be malignant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Jod-Basedow phenomenon? |
|
Definition
| If you give iodine to a patient with an iodine deficiency goiter, they can get thyrotoxicosis |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common type of thyroid cancer? |
|
Definition
| Papillary carcinoma (excellent prognosis) |
|
|
Term
| What's seen on histo in thyroid papillary carcinoma? (3) |
|
Definition
Ground-glass nuclei (ophan annie), psammoma bodies, nuclear grooves
[image] |
|
|
Term
| What increases the risk of thyroid papillary carcinoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a histo feature of thyroid follicular carcinoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What do thyroid medullary carcinomas arise from?
What are features of these tumors? (2) |
|
Definition
from parafollicular C cells
produce calcitonin
sheets of cells in amyloid stroma (congo red stain) |
|
|
Term
| What are thyroid medullary carcinomas associated with? (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cancer is associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What causes Grave's disease? |
|
Definition
| thyroid-stimulating/TSH receptor antibodies |
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