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End Of Course Test
A Years Worth of Science
74
Science
8th Grade
05/18/2010

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Cards

Term
Process that produces sex cells
Definition
Meiosis
Term
The passing of traits from parents to offspring
Definition
heredity
Term
Two forms of the same gene
Definition
Homozygous
Term
The inherited combination of alleles
Definition
Genotype
Term
Organism's appearance
Definition
Phenotype
Term
___used plants to study genetics
Definition
Mendel
Term
Trait that always appears is F1
Definition
Homozygous
Term
Trait that seems to recede into the background of F1
Definition
Recessive
Term
To solve a problem, scientists use ____
Definition
The Scientific Method
Term
Not an example of technology
Definition
Wildflower Garden
Term
Describe an engineer's job
Definition
Mass-producing new medicine
Term
What is an example of brainstorming
Definition
Quality control measurements
Term
What is regulated by government agencies
Definition
Meeting ethical standards in product testing
Term
Before an engineer can build something, a scientist must ___
Definition
Test it's effectiveness
Term
The first name of the organism's scientific name is the ___
Definition
Genus
Term
The modern classification system separates organisms into __ kingdoms
Definition
6
Term
Linnaeus's system gave how many names to each organism
Definition
2
Term
Living things come from nonliving things
Definition
Spontaneous Generation
Term
Growth of many-celled organisms is mostly due to an increase in the __ of cells
Definition
Number
Term
An organism's ability to maintain a steady condition
Definition
Homeostasis
Term
Linnaeus's major contribution to organism classification was
Definition
Binomial Nomenclature
Term
Most living things are made of __ percent water
Definition
50
Term
A detailed list of identifying characteristics that includes scientific names is called a
Definition
Dichotomous Key
Term
__ experiment showed that substances present in living things could be made from nonliving things
Definition
Miller's
Term
Oparin's hypothesis suggested that Earth's early atmosphere lacked
Definition
Oxygen
Term
__ are remains of life from an earlier time
Definition
Fossils
Term
Older rocks lie __ younger layers
Definition
Below
Term
Change in the hereditary features of an organism over time
Definition
Evolution
Term
Group of organisms that look alike and can reproduce among themselves
Definition
Species
Term
The fossil record is ___ .
Definition
Incomplete
Term
Organisms need all of the following except
Definition
Acquired characteristics
Term
How does natural selection occur
Definition
Adaptations help an organism reproduce and survive
Term
Radiometric Dating
Definition
Compares radiometric and non in the elements in the rocks around the fossil
Term
Measure of biodiversity
Definition
# of species that live in an area
Term
Water vapor and sulfur and nitrogen dioxide
Definition
Acid rain
Term
Global warming = increased ___ levels in the air
Definition
Carbon Dioxide
Term
Meters cubed = ___
Definition
Volume
Term
Bowler who leaves 3 pins every time
Definition
Precise Bowler
Term
Water's boiling point on Kelvin scale is ___ than on the Celsius
Definition
Higher
Term
SI units are multiples of
Definition
10
Term
Measurement of an object's mass
Definition
Physical Property
Term
Apple changing color in air
Definition
Chemical Property
Term
Pond freezing over
Definition
Physical Change
Term
Chunk of dry ice in air is
Definition
Changing from solid to gas
Term
The ___ is a unit of force.
Definition
Newton
Term
The distance between particles is smallest in a _____
Definition
Crystalline solid
Term
If 2 atoms have the same # of protons but different # of neutrons, they will have the same _____.
Definition
Atomic Number
Term
During beta-particle emission, a neutron splits into ____.
Definition
A proton and an electron.
Term
Which particles have almost the same mass?
Definition
Proton and Neutron
Term
Which item best represents Dalton's mental image of an atom?
Definition
A marble.
Term
Which item best represents Thomson's mental image of an atom?
Definition
A chocolate chip cookie.
Term
Based on his experiment, Rutherford concluded that atoms were _____.
Definition
Mainly empty space
Term
A transmutation involving the release of alpha particles produces atoms whose atomic # has _______.
Definition
Decreased by 2.
Term
A transmutation involving the release of beta particles produces atoms whose atomic number has_____.
Definition
Increased by 1.
Term
The nucleus is held together by ___.
Definition
The strong nuclear force.
Term
Elements with ____ are grouped together on the periodic table.
Definition
Similar properties
Term
Atomic # is the # of _____ in the nucleus of the atom.
Definition
Protons.
Term
Elements are arranged in increasing ____.
Definition
Atomic Number
Term
What is the name of the elements in group 2?
Definition
Alkaline Earth Metals
Term
Elements in groups 3 through 12 are ___.
Definition
Transition Elements
Term
______ is used in light meters.
Definition
Selenium
Term
What is not correct? Iron is a _____.
Definition
Metalloid.
Term
What is not likely to have ionic bonds?
Definition
CH4
Term
What is the name given to the units that make up covalently bonded compounds?
Definition
Molecules.
Term
Likely to form a negative ion in its ionic compounds.
Definition
Cl, Chlorine.
Term
Positive and Negatively charged ions together is called a
Definition
Ionic Bond
Term
A _____ is a combination of chemical symbols and #'s that tell what is in a compound.
Definition
Formula.
Term
An _____ slows down a reaction.
Definition
Inhibitor.
Term
A solution with a pH of 13 is a ____.
Definition
Strong base.
Term
Acids have a pH ______ 7.
Definition
Under.
Term
An electromagnet is_________.
Definition
Only operating when the current is on.
Term
Gas Giants
Definition
All of the Above
Term
Meteorites
Definition
All of the Above
Term
Largest planet in the solar system.
Definition
Jupiter.
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