Term
| Inspiratory center and functions in quiet and forced breathing describes drg or vrg? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Are clusters of neuron cells and they have five action potentials at different rates |
|
Definition
| Dorsal and Ventral Respiratory group (DRG) and (VRG) |
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Term
| Inspiratory and expiratory center. Funtions only in forced breathing - exercise. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the hypothesized location of central respiratory rhythm pattern generation? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Promotes inspiration by stimulation of the neurons in the medulla oblongata providing a constant stimulus. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pontine respiratory group (PRG) does what? |
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Definition
| Regulates the respiratory rate |
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Term
| Chemoreceptors are sensitive to |
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Definition
| PCO2, Po2, or pH of blood or cerebrospinal fluid |
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|
Term
| Baroreceptors in aortic or carotid sinuses are sensitive to? |
|
Definition
| changes in blood pressure |
|
|
Term
| Stretch receptors respond to? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are excitable cells that regulate CO2 and O2. Made of proteins that why they can bind to CO2 and O2. |
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Definition
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Term
| Irritating physical or chemical stimuli in nasal cavity,larynx, or bronchial tree. |
|
Definition
| effect control of respiration. |
|
|
Term
| Other sensations including pain, changes in body temperature |
|
Definition
| effect control of respiration |
|
|
Term
| chemoreceptors,baroreceptors,stretch receptors, Irritating physical or chemical stimuli and other sensations all |
|
Definition
| effect the control of respiration |
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|
Term
| ________ and _______ bodies will change firing activity to communicate with nerves, then the brain, and changes will occur in breathing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Baroreceptors and glossopharyngeal nerve . |
|
|
Term
| The aortic bodies work via... |
|
Definition
| Vagus nerve. Simulated by changes in blood pH or pco2. |
|
|
Term
| Are on ventolateral surface of medulla oblongata and respond to PCO2, and pH or CSF |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ____________ is the primary sensory system. Major regulator in the brain. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
MECHANISM OF CAROTID BODY
Glomus cells (excitable cell) contain |
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Definition
|
|
Term
MECHANISM OF CAROTID BODY
1.Osygen sensor detects low PO2
2. Closes ___ channels
3. Cell ________
4. Causes release of dopamine.
5. stimulates sensory neuron. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
MECHANISMS IN CENTRAL CHEMORECEPTORS
-Sensitive to changes in _____ and ___. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
MECHANISMS IN CENTRAL CHEMORECEPTORS
1. co2 crosses blood/brain barrier.
2. carbonic anhydrase converts co2 to hco3 and H
3. ____ stimulates receptor.
4. Stimulates ventilation. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Reflex triggered to prevent overinflation of the lungs. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| pherenic nerve then, diaphram contracts, then stretch receptor in lungs, then vagus nerve, then inspiratory center. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Protective reflexes are triggered by? |
|
Definition
| receptors in epithelium of the respiratory tract when lungs are exposed |
|
|
Term
| A peroid of suspended respiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Temporarily closes airway to prevent foreign substances from entering |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two things that are voluntary controls of repsiration? |
|
Definition
| strong emotions (stimulate resp. centers in hypothalamus) and anticipation of strenous exercise (increase resp rate and cardiac output by sypmathetic stimulation |
|
|
Term
| Before birth lungs are _______ and contain ___ ______. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| At birth, newborn ______ force of _____ ______. |
|
Definition
| overcomes/ surface tension |
|
|
Term
Large drop in pressure at _______.
Closing ____ ______ and _____ ______. |
|
Definition
First breath.
foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus. |
|
|
Term
| Abnormally low respiration rate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Results in CO2 buildup in blood. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Co2 buildup in blood (hisgh Pco2) is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abnormally high respiration rate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| results in abnormally low Pco2 in blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| abnormally low Pco2 in blood is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A reversable action that is to keep everything balanced... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| too much acid; pH is decreased |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes metabolic acidosis? |
|
Definition
| Proton accumulation, ketoacids, kidney disease |
|
|
Term
| How do we fix metabolic acidosis? |
|
Definition
| Hyperventilate. Kidneys could help by peeing out H, but lungs usually handle it. |
|
|
Term
| Lungs cannot remove all the carbon dioxide the body produces; pH is decreased |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes respiratory acidosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can we fix respiratory acidosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Loss of protons; pH is elevated above normal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes metabolic alkalosis |
|
Definition
| loss of protons due to vomiting |
|
|
Term
| How do we fix metabolic alkalosis? |
|
Definition
| Hypoventilate to keep CO2. |
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