Term
| Sx. of a pit viper Envenomation. |
|
Definition
-Burning at site, followed by swelling and bluish discoloration. (ecchymosis)
-Syncope from fright.
-Evident within 5-10 minuets of bite. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Pain and edema beyond site.
-Systemic Sx.
-Weakness
-Diaphoresis
-N/V
-Parasthesias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Massive Edema
-Subcutaneous Ecchymosis
-Sever systemic symptoms
-Shock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Not a Pit viper
-Tiny fangs that bite and chew injecting venom, limits most bites to fingers.
-Venom is a powerful neurotoxin
-The patient can exhibit bizarre behavior, fallowed by a progressive paralysis of the eyes and respiration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-To do nothing is to do nothing wrong
-Calm and reassure the patient
-Place patient supine
-Locate and clean area
-cover it
-Do not use ice
-Splint extremity if neccessary
-NPO
-Monitor Vitals
-Mark progression of swelling and ecchymosis with pen.
-If possible bring dead snake with to identify
-Use elastic bandage to lightly wrap the extremity, just trying to slow lymph, not blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Conduction
-Convection
-Radiation
-Evaporation
-Resperation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Transfer of heat by direct contact. heat passes directly from the body to the colder object.
EX. lying in the snow or sitting on a cold object. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Heat is transferred by movement of air across the body.
EX. wind or fan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Loss of heat into still air in a colder environment.
EX. standing in a freezer or standing in the snow with no wind. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The evaporation of sweat is what cools the body.
EX. sweating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Body heat lost during normal breathing, as warm air is exhaled into the atmosphere. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Sx. become progressively worse as temp. drops
-To asses core temp by hand, use the back of your hand to feel their abdomen or chest.
-five general stages. |
|
|
Term
| Hypothermia (99-96 degrees) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypothermia (95-91 degrees) |
|
Definition
-Intense Shivering/ foot stomping
-LOC will be normal or withdrawn causing some difficulty speaking. |
|
|
Term
| Hypothermia (90-86 degrees) |
|
Definition
-Shivering stops at this point
-Muscular activity decreases
-Fine muscle activity decreases
-Muscles become rigid
-LOC continues to become more withdrawn |
|
|
Term
| Hypothermia (85-81 degrees) |
|
Definition
-Patient becomes lethargic, losing interest in fighting the cold.
-Patient may undress
-Poor coordination and memory loss
-Trouble speaking
-Patient may appear rigid or stiff. |
|
|
Term
| hypothermia (80- 78 degrees) |
|
Definition
- Vital signs slow and weakened.
- Cardiac arrhythmia may occur.
- Below 8- degrees, cardiac arrest
- Never assume a cold pulseless patient is dead.
- Not dead until warm and dead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Hypothermia may not be main complaint
- Patient lying on a cold floor all night?
- Vehicle accident in cold weather?
- ETC... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Painful muscle spasms that occur after vigorous exercise or heavy work.
- Exact cause not well understood.
- Usually occurs in legs and abdomen.
- Occurs due to loss of fluid causing electrolyte imbalance.
-It is thought that the loss of sodium in the muscles causing the cramps |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- More severe form of heat illness
- Fluid and electrolytes are lost
- Commonly associated with hot water with profuse sweating.
- Fluid depletion leads to a form of hypovolemic shock. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- ALOC
- Weakness
- Thirst
- Cold and clammy skin
- Tachycardia
- Blood pressure normal to low
- Profuse sweating
- Temperature normal to slight elevation |
|
|
Term
| Patients with hot, dry, or moist skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Untreated, it will lead to death.
- Bodies thermoregularotry mechanisms have failed
- High temperature produces multi-system tissues and physiological collapse.
- CBT can be in excess o f > 106 |
|
|
Term
| classic baking the person to death |
|
Definition
- Occurs at rest
- occurs when ambient temperature is high
- Usually occurs to children and the elderly
- Mortality rate > 70% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- usually affects the young and healthy pushing themselves beyond their limits
- Usually occurs in hot, humid environments
- Mortality rate <20% |
|
|
Term
| initial Sx. of heat stroke |
|
Definition
- hot flush skin
- patient may or may not sweat
- Rapid pulse, variable blood pressure
- Confusion, weakness, anxiety |
|
|
Term
| late stage Sx. of heat stroke |
|
Definition
- CNS agitation, delirium, stupor, seizures, coma
- Cardiovascular peripheral vaso-dilation results in profound shock
- Digestive system failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- remove patient from the cold
- handle injured part gently
- do not massage causes greater injury
- remove jewelry
- do not apply heat or rewarm if there ia ANY chance of refreezing.
- do not allow patient to stand or walk on affected area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Replacement of sodium and water
- Administration of oral salt tablets is controversial
- Rest for minimum of 12 hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Surface injuries
- Bruising, swelling or pain over vital organs
- Painful, swollen extreimites
- Bleeding from an orifice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Surgery and other procedures are usually necessary
- Follow BSI techniques
- Maintain the airway with C-spine if the MOI suggest trauma
- O2
- Control obvious external bleeding
- Treat suspected internal bleeding in an extremity by applying a splint or an air pressure
- Monitor and record the Vitals at least every 5 minutes
- NPO
- In non-trauma patients, elevate the patients legs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- the body can still compensate for blood loss
- Some decrease in tissue perfusion but, the mechanisms are sufficient to overcome the decreases in available fluid.
- You will see : Tachycardia, Tachypnea and pale cool skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- BP is falling
- Patient looks like death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- shock has become terminal
- cant come back from it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Altered LOC anxiety, restlessness
- Thirst
- Compensatory tachycardia
- Skin signs change (pale, sweaty, and later cyanosis)
- N/V
- Hypotension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
All terrible things start with hitler
-ALOC
-Thirst
-Tachycardia
-Skin signs
-N/V
-Hypotension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Adjunct to allergies lecture
- occurs when a patient reacts violently to a substance to which he or she have been sensitized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypotension, muffled heart sounds, & distended neck veins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flush the area with sterile water to clean it as best as possible. close the avulsion by placing it as close as possible to normal position. place dressing on the avulsion and wrap the whole scalp. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this beautiful crackly crunchy feeling you find when someones skin has air under it. Typically a result of a pneumothorax. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TBI hypotension, Bradycardia, Changes in resperation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Auto vs. Ped. impact
-Femur fracture
-Abd. injury
-Head injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Superficial (1st degree)
-Partial Thickness (2nd degree)
-Full-thickness (3rd degree) |
|
|
Term
| Superficial burns (1st degree) |
|
Definition
-involves the top layer of the skin
- appears red, dry, and blanches to the touch
- typically caused by long duration to low intensity |
|
|
Term
| Partial thickness burns (2nd degree) |
|
Definition
-involves the epidemis and some portion of the layer below
-Typically the skin is moist, motttled and white to red
-Blisters are common
-Intense pain |
|
|
Term
| Full-Thickness burns (3rd degree) |
|
Definition
-Extends through all layers and may involve subcutaneous layers
-Area appears dry and leathery
-May appear pearly white, dark brown, or even charred
-may have no feeling or any capillary refill |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-head =9%
-Torso anterior =9%
-Torso posterior =9%
-Each arm =9%
-Each leg =18%
-Groin =1% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Head =18%
-Torso anterior =18%
-Torso posterior =18%
-Each arm =9%
-Each leg =14%
-Groin =1% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Emergent phase: initial decrease in fluid to the affected area.
-Fluid Shift phase: plasma leeks from the circulatory system into the burned area and out of the body
-Resolution phase: Fluid loss diminishes usually after 24 hours. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| placenta has separated from the uterus wall. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-6 months to 4 years in age
-slow onset
-patient will be comfortable lying down
-barking cough
-No drooling
-Fever less than 104 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Rapid onset
-3-7 years
-patient prefers to sit upright
- no cough
- drooling like a mother fucker
- fever >104
-3 D's Drooling, Dyspnea, Dysphasia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Meningitis is a disease caused by the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord known as the meninges. The inflammation is usually caused by an infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Meningitis may develop in response to a number of causes, usually bacteria or viruses, but meningitis can also be caused by physical injury, cancer or certain drugs.
The severity of illness and the treatment for meningitis differ depending on the cause. Thus, it is important to know the specific cause of meningitis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Large pool of blood under the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cardiac tamponade is pressure on the heart that occurs when blood or fluid builds up in the space between the heart muscle (myocardium) and the outer covering sac of the heart (pericardium). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
In brain or spinal injury, the sympathetic trunk stops working and blood vessels dilate and result in blood pooling away from the heart. Since there isn't enough blood returning to the heart, the heart has a hard time pumping blood through the body.
Treatment includes fluids and medications to increase the tone in the blood vessel walls. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Frostbite is an injury caused by freezing of the skin and underlying tissues. First your skin becomes very cold and red, then numb, hard and pale. Frostbite is most common on the fingers, toes, nose, ears, cheeks and chin. Exposed skin in cold, windy weather is most vulnerable to frostbite. But frostbite can occur on skin covered by gloves or other clothing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the first stage of frostbite, doesn't cause permanent skin damage. You can treat very mild frostbite with first-aid measures, including rewarming your skin. All other frostbite requires medical attention because it can damage skin, tissues, muscle and bones. Possible complications of severe frostbite include infection and nerve damage. |
|
|
