Term
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Definition
| something that causes an allergic reaction. |
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Term
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Definition
| an exaggerated immune response. |
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Term
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Definition
| (an-ah-fi-LAK-sis) a severe or life-threatening allergic reaction in which the blood vessels dilate, causing a drop in blood pressure, and the tissues lining the respiratory system swell, interfering with the airway. Also called anaphylactic shock. |
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Definition
| a syringe preloaded with medication that has a spring-loaded device that pushes the needle through the skin when the tip of the device is pressed firmly against the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| (EP-uh-NEF-rin) a hormone produced by the body. As a medication, it constricts blood vessels and dilates respiratory passages and is used to relieve severe allergic reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| red, itchy, possibly raised blotches on the skin that often result from allergic reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| poisons that are taken into the body through unbroken skin. |
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Term
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Definition
a substance that adsorbs many poisons and prevents them from being absorbed by the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance that will neutralize the poison or its effects. |
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Term
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Definition
| (duh-LEER-e-um TREM-uns) a severe reaction that can be part of alcohol withdrawal, characterized by sweating, trembling, anxiety, and hallucinations. Severe alcohol withdrawal with the DTs can lead to death if untreated. |
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Definition
| thinning down or weakening by mixing with something else. Ingested poisons are sometimes diluted by drinking water or milk. |
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Definition
| depressants, such as barbiturates, that depress the central nervous system, which are often used to bring on a more relaxed state of mind |
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Term
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Definition
| (huh-LOO-sin-uh-jens) mind-affecting or mind-altering drugs that act on the central nervous system to produce excitement and distortion of perceptions. |
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Term
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Definition
| poisons that are swallowed. |
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Term
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Definition
| poisons that are breathed in. |
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Term
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Definition
| poisons that are inserted through the skin; for example, by needle, snake fangs, or insect stinger. |
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Term
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Definition
| a class of drugs that affect the nervous system and change many normal body activities. Their legal use is for the relief of pain. Illicit use is to produce an intense state of relaxation. |
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Term
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Definition
| any substance that can harm the body by altering cell structure or functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a poisonous substance secreted by bacteria, plants, or animals. |
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Definition
stimulants such as amphetamines that affect the central nervous system to excite the user. |
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Term
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Definition
| vaporizing compounds, such as cleaning fluid, that are breathed in by the abuser to produce a "high." |
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Term
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Definition
| referring to alcohol or drug withdrawal in which the patient's body reacts severely when deprived of the abused substance. |
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Definition
a localized, intense pain that arises from the parietal peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity (the parietal peritoneum) and covers the organs within it (the visceral peritoneum). |
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Term
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Definition
| pain that is felt in a location other than where the pain originates. |
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Term
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Definition
| the area posterior to the peritoneum, between the peritoneum and the back. |
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Term
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Definition
| sharp pain that feels as if body tissues are being torn apart. |
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Term
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Definition
| a poorly localized, dull, or diffuse pain that arises from the abdominal organs, or viscera. |
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Term
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Definition
| the manner in which a person acts. |
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Term
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Definition
| when a patient's behavior is not typical for the situation; when the patient's behavior is unacceptable or intolerable to the patient, his family, or the community; or when the patient may harm himself or others. |
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Term
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Definition
bizarre and/or aggressive behavior, shouting, paranoia, panic, violence toward others, insensitivity to pain, unexpected physical strength, and hyperthermia, usually associated with cocaine or amphetamine use. Also called agitated delirium. |
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Term
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Definition
inadequate breathing or respiratory arrest caused by a body position that restricts breathing. |
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Term
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Definition
lack of a normal number of red blood cells in the circulation. |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of the normal ability to form a blood clot with internal or external bleeding |
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Term
| continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) |
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Definition
| a gravity exchange process for peritoneal dialysis in which a bag of dialysis fluid is raised above the level of an abdominal catheter to fill the abdominal cavity and then lowered below the level of the abdominal catheter to drain the fluid out. |
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Term
| continuous cycler-assisted peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) |
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Definition
a mechanical process for peritoneal dialysis in which a machine fills and empties the abdominal cavity of dialysis solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which toxins and excess fluid are removed from the body by a medical system independent of the kidneys. |
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Term
| end-stage renal disease (ESRD) |
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Definition
| irreversible renal failure to the extent that the kidneys can no longer provide adequate filtration and fluid balance to sustain life; survival with ESRD usually requires dialysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| one cycle of filling and draining the peritoneal cavity in peritoneal dialysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial infection within the peritoneal cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| an infection that begins in the urinary tract and ascends up the ureter into the kidney. |
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Term
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Definition
loss of the kidneys' ability to filter the blood and remove toxins and excess fluid from the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| an inherited disease in which a genetic defect in the hemoglobin results in abnormal structure of the red blood cells. |
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Term
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Definition
a vibration felt on gentle palpation, such as that which typically occurs within an arterial-venous fistula. |
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Term
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Definition
a tube inserted into the bladder through the urethra to drain urine from the bladder. |
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Term
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Definition
| bleeding from an artery, which is characterized by bright red blood that is rapid, profuse, and difficult to control. |
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Term
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Definition
| bleeding from capillaries, which is characterized by a slow, oozing flow of blood. |
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Term
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Definition
shock, or lack of perfusion, brought on not by blood loss, but by inadequate pumping action of the heart. It is often the result of a heart attack or congestive heart failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| when the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion. See also shock. |
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Term
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Definition
| when the body can no longer compensate for low blood volume or lack of perfusion. Late signs such as decreasing blood pressure become evident. See also shock. |
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Term
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Definition
| (HEM-o-rej) bleeding, especially severe bleeding. |
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Term
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Definition
| (HEM-or-AJ-ik) shock resulting from blood loss. |
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Term
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Definition
| (HEM-o-STAT-IK) substances applied as powders, dressings, gauze, or bandages to open wounds to stop bleeding. |
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Term
| hypoperfusion (HI-po-per-FEW-zhun) |
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Definition
inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients. Also called shock. See also perfusion, shock. |
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Term
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Definition
| (HI-po-vo-LE-mik) shock resulting from blood or fluid loss. |
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Term
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Definition
| hypoperfusion due to nerve paralysis (sometimes caused by spinal cord injuries) resulting in the dilation of blood vessels that increases the volume of the circulatory system beyond the point where it can be filled. |
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Term
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Definition
| (pur-FEW-zhun) the supply of oxygen to, and removal of wastes from, the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries. |
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Term
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Definition
| a bulky dressing held in position with a tightly wrapped bandage, which applies pressure to help control bleeding. |
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Term
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Definition
| the body's inability to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients, which is a life-threatening condition. Also known as hypoperfusion. |
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Term
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Definition
(TURN-i-ket) a device used for bleeding control that constricts all blood flow to and from an extremity. |
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Term
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Definition
| bleeding from a vein, which is characterized by dark red or maroon blood and a steady, easy-to-control flow. |
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Term
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Definition
| (ab-RAY-zhun) a scratch or scrape. |
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Term
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Definition
| (am-pyu-TAY-shun) the surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity. |
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Term
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Definition
(ah-VUL-shun) the tearing away or tearing off of a piece or flap of skin or other soft tissue. This term also may be used for an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from its socket. |
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Term
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Definition
| any material used to hold a dressing in place |
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Term
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Definition
| an internal injury with no open pathway from the outside. |
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Term
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Definition
| (kun-TU-zhun) a bruise. In brain injuries, a bruised brain caused when the force of a blow to the head is great enough to rupture blood vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| an injury caused when force is transmitted from the body's exterior to its internal structures. Bones can be broken; muscles, nerves, and tissues damaged; and internal organs ruptured, causing internal bleeding. |
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Term
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Definition
| (DER-mis) the inner (second) layer of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found beneath the epidermis. |
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Term
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Definition
| any material (preferably sterile) used to cover a wound that will help control bleeding and prevent additional contamination. |
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Term
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Definition
| (ep-i-DER-mis) the outer layer of the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| a burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged. There are usually areas that are charred black or areas that are dry and white. Also called a third-degree burn. |
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Term
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Definition
| (hem-ah-TO-mah) a swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel. In a head injury, a collection of blood within the skull or brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| (las-er-AY-shun) a cut. In brain injuries, a cut to the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| any dressing that forms an airtight seal. |
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Term
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Definition
| an injury in which the skin is interrupted, exposing the tissue beneath. |
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Term
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Definition
| a burn in which the epidermis (first layer of skin) is burned through and the dermis (second layer) is damaged. Burns of this type cause reddening, blistering, and a mottled appearance. Also called a second-degree burn. |
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Term
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Definition
| a bulky dressing held in position with a tightly wrapped bandage, which applies pressure to help control bleeding. |
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Term
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Definition
an open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues. A penetrating puncture wound can be shallow or deep. A perforating puncture wound has both an entrance and an exit wound. |
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Term
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Definition
| a method for estimating the extent of a burn. For an adult, each of the following areas represents 9 percent of the body surface: the head and neck, each upper extremity, the chest, the abdomen, the upper back, the lower back and buttocks, the front of each lower extremity, and the back of each lower extremity. The remaining 1 percent is assigned to the genital region. For an infant or child, the percentages are modified so that 18 percent is assigned to the head, 14 percent to each lower extremity. |
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Term
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Definition
| a method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm of the patient's own hand, which equals about 1 percent of the body's surface area, is compared with the patient's burn to estimate its size. |
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Term
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Definition
| (SUB-ku-TAY-ne-us) the layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis. |
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Term
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Definition
| a burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It is characterized by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling. A common example is a sunburn. Also called a first-degree burn. |
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