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EMT-Chapter 4
The Human Body
46
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
02/03/2009

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Term
anatomical position
Definition
a person standing, facing forward, with his palms open forward
Term
midline
Definition
an imaginary line down the center of the body, dividing it into left and right halves
Term
medial
Definition
refers to a position closer to the midline
Term
lateral
Definition
refers to a position farther from the midline
Term
bilateral
Definition
refers to both sides of anything
Term
mid-axillary line
Definition
an imaginary line drown vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle, dividing the body in to front (anterior) and back (posterior) regions
Term
anterior
Definition
the front of the body or body part
Term
posterior
Definition
the back of the body or body part
Term
ventral
Definition
the front of the body or body party (synonym for anterior)
Term
dorsal
Definition
the back of the body or body part (synonym for posterior)
Term
superior
Definition
closer to the head, further up
Term
inferior
Definition
further away from the head, further down
Term
proximal
Definition
closer to the torso
Term
distal
Definition
further away from the torso
Term
palmar
Definition
referring to the palm of the hand
Term
plantar
Definition
referring to the sole of the foot
Term
mid-clavicular line
Definition
line through the center of each clavicle (collarbone) and the nipple below it (there are two of the lines because there are two clavicles)
Term
abdominal quadrants
Definition
four divisions of the abdomen, from the patients perspective: right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), and left lower quadrant (LLQ)
Term
supine
Definition
lying flat on one's back
Term
prone
Definition
lying flat on one's abdomen
Term
recovery position (aka lateral recumbent position)
Definition
lying on one's side
Term
Fowler's position
Definition
a sitting position (anywhere from a 45 degree to a 60 degree angle)
Term
semi-fowler position
Definition
in a reclined, sitting position
Term
Trendelenburg position
Definition
a position where the person is lying on their back, with their head slightly lower than their feet
Term
musculoskeletal system
Definition
the system of bone and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement
Term
skeleton
Definition
the bones of the body, consisting of the skull, spine, ribs, sternum, shoulders, upper and lower extremities, and pelvis
Term
muscles
Definition
tissue that contracts to allow movement of a body part
Term
ligaments
Definition
tissue that connects bone to bone
Term
tendon
Definition
tissue that connects muscle to bone
Term
skull
Definition
the bony structure of the head, with the main function to protect the brain
Term
cranium
Definition
the top, back, and sides of the skull
Term
mandible
Definition
the lower jaw bone
Term
maxillae
Definition
the two fused bones forming the upper jaw
Term
nasal bones
Definition
the bones of the nose which provide some structure to the nose
Term
orbits
Definition
the bony structures around the eyes
Term
zygomatic arches
Definition
form the structure of the cheeks
Term
vertebrae
Definition
the 33 bones of the spinal column
Term
thorax
Definition
the chest
Term
sternum
Definition
the breastbone
Term
manubrium
Definition
the superior portion of the sternum
Term
xiphoid process
Definition
the inferior portion of the sternum
Term
pelvis
Definition
the basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities
Term
ilium
Definition
the superior and widest portion of the pelvis
Term
ischium
Definition
the lower, posterior portions of the pelvis
Term
pubis
Definition
the medial anterior portion of the pelvis
Term
acetabulum
Definition
the pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint
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