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EMT BASIC
EMT Basic
151
Medical
Not Applicable
09/08/2009

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Term
Abdominal quadrants
Definition
the four parts of the abdomen as divided by imaginery horizontal and vertical lines through the umbilicus
Term
acetabulum (AS-i-TAB-u-lum)
Definition
the rounded cavity or socket on the external surface of the pelvis that receives the head of the femur
Term
acromion
Definition
the lateral triangular projection of the scapula that forms the point on the shoulder.
Term
alveoli (al-VE-oh-le)
Definition
air sacs of the lungs
Term
aerobic metabolism
Definition
chemical and physical changes that take place within the cells in the presence of oxygen
Term
anaerobic metabolism
Definition
chemical and physical changes that take place within the cells without the presence of oxygen
Term
anatomical planes
Definition
imaginary divisions of the body
Term
anatomical position
Definition
a position in which the patient is standing erect, facing forward, with arms down at the sides and the palms forward.
Term
Anatomy
Definition
The study of the structure of the body and the relationship of its parts to each other.
Term
anterior
Definition
toward the front
Term
anterior plane
Definition
the front or abdominal side of the body
Term
aorta
Definition
the major artery from the heart
Term
arteriole (ar-TE-re-ol)
Definition
the smallest branch of an artery, which at its distal end leads into a capillary.
Term
artery
Definition
a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
Term
Atria
Definition
The two upper chambers of the heart.
Term
Bilateral
Definition
On both sides
Term
blood pressure
Definition
the force exerted by the blood on the interior walls of the blood vessels.
Term
brachial artery
Definition
the major artery of the upper arm
Term
bronchi (BRONG-ke)
Definition
the two main branches leading from the trachea to the lungs, providing the passageway for air movement.
Term
bronchioles (BRONG-ke-olz)
Definition
small branches of the bronchi.
Term
bundle of His
Definition
a band of cardiac muscle fibers that originates in the atrioventricular node and passes through the atrioventricular junction and carries the electrical impulse from the atria and by connecting to the Purkinje fibers to the ventricles
Term
calcaneus (kal-KAY-ne-us)
Definition
The heel bone
Term
capillary
Definition
a tiny blood vessel that connects an arteriole to a venule.
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
a kind of involuntary muscle found only in the walls of the heart. Cardiac muscle has automaticity, the ability to generate an impulse on its own, separately from the central nervous system.
Term
cardiovascular system
Definition
see circulatory system
Term
carotid artery
Definition
one of two major arteries of the neck, which supply the brain and head with blood.
Term
carpals
Definition
the eight bone that form the wrist.
Term
central nervous system
Definition
The brain and the spinal cord. Abbr. CNS
Term
cervical spine
Definition
the first seven vertebrae, or the neck
Term
circulatory system
Definition
the body system that transports blood to all parts of the body. Includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Also called the cardiovascular system
Term
clavicle
Definition
the collarbone, attached to the superior portion of the sternum.
Term
coccyx
Definition
the last four vertebrae, or the tailbone
Term
combining form
Definition
word part that carries the word's essential meaning
Term
coronary arteries
Definition
Blood vessels that supply the heart with blood.
Term
Cranuim
Definition
the bones that form the top, back, and sides of the skull plus the forehead.
Term
cricoid cartilage (KRIK-oyd)
Definition
the lowermost cartilage of the larynx
Term
dermis
Definition
the second layer of the skin
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
a powerful dome-shaped muscle essential to respiration that also separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
Term
diastolic blood pressure
Definition
the pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries when the left ventricle is at rest.
Term
Distal
Definition
distant, or far from the point of reference. Opposite of proximal.
Term
Dorsal
Definition
toward the back or spine
Term
dorsalis pedis artery
Definition
an artery of the foot, which can be felt on the top surface of the foot.
Term
edema
Definition
swelling caused by fluid accumulating in the tissues.
Term
endocrine
Definition
a system of ductless glands that produce hormones that regulate body functions.
Term
Epidermis
Definition
the outermost layer of the skin.
Term
Epiglottis
Definition
a small, leaf-shaped flap of tissue, located immediately posterior to the root of the tongue, that covers the entrance of the larynx to keep food and liquid from entering the trachea and lungs.
Term
Esophagus
Definition
a passageway at the lower end of the pharynx that leads to the stomach
Term
extremities
Definition
the limbs of the body. The lower extremities include the hips, thighs, legs, ankles and feet. The upper extremities include the shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist and hand
Term
face
Definition
the area of the skull between the brow and the chin
Term
femoral artery
Definition
The major artery of the thigh that supplies the groin and leg with blood.
Term
femur
Definition
the thigh bone
Term
fibula
Definition
The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg.
Term
Fowler's position
Definition
a position in which the patient is lying on the back with upper body elevated at a 45 or 60 degree angle. Semi-Fowler's position is when the upper body is at an angle less than 45 degrees.
Term
frontal plane
Definition
a vertical plane drawn side to side through the body from the midaxillary line on one side to the midaxillary line on the opposite side, which divides the body into anterior and posterior planes
Term
heart
Definition
the muscular organ that contracts to force blood into circulation through the body
Term
humerus
Definition
the largest bone in the upper extremity, located in the proximal portion of the upper arm.
Term
Hydrostatic pressure
Definition
the blood pressure or force exerted against the inside of vessel walls
Term
hypoperfusion
Definition
the insufficient delivery of oxygen and other nutrients to some of the body's cells and inadequate elimination of carbon dioxide and other wastes that results from inadequate circulation of blood. Also called shock.
Term
iliac crest
Definition
the upper margin of the bones of the pelvis
Term
inferior
Definition
beneath, lower, or toward the feet. Opposite to superior
Term
inferior plane
Definition
everything below the transverse line (below the waist). Opposite to superior plane.
Term
intercostal muscles
Definition
the muscles between the ribs
Term
involuntary muscle
Definition
muscle that carries out the automatic muscular functions of the body. Also called smooth muscle.
Term
Ischium
Definition
the posterior and inferior portion of the pelvis.
Term
Joint
Definition
a place where one bone meets another
Term
larynx
Definition
structure that houses the vocal cords and is located inferior to the pharynx and superior to the trachea.
Term
lateral
Definition
To the side; away from the midline of the body.
Term
lateral recumbent
Definition
a position in which the patient is lying on the left or right side. Also called the recovery position
Term
left
Definition
refers to the patient's left
Term
left plane
Definition
everything to the left of the midline
Term
lumbar spine
Definition
the five vertebrae that form the lower back, located between the sacral and the thoracic spine
Term
lungs
Definition
the principal organs of respiration
Term
Malleolus
Definition
the knobby surface landmark of the ankle. There is a medial malleolus and a lateral malleolus.
Term
mandible
Definition
the lower jaw
Term
manubrium
Definition
the superior portion of the sternum where the clavical is attached.
Term
maxillae
Definition
Two fused bones forming the upper jaw.
Term
Medial
Definition
Toward the midline of the body.
Term
Metacarpals
Definition
Hand bones
Term
metatarsals
Definition
Foot bones
Term
midaxillary line
Definition
Line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle
Term
midclavicular line
Definition
The line through the center of each clavicle (2)
Term
midline
Definition
An imaginary line drawn down the center of the body, dividing it into right and left halves.
Term
musculoskeletal system
Definition
That system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement.
Term
nasal bones
Definition
Nose bone
Term
nasopharynx
Definition
The area directly posterior to the nose.
Term
nervous system
Definition
System of brain, spinal cord, and nerves that govern sensations, movement, and thought
Term
olecranon
Definition
the part of the ulna that forms the bony prominence of the elbow.
Term
orbits
Definition
The bony structures around the eyes, the eye sockets
Term
oropharynx
Definition
Area directly posterior to the mouth.
Term
Oxygenation
Definition
the form of respiration in which the oxygen molecules move across a membrane from an area of high oxygen concentration to an area of low oxygen concentration, as when oxygen moves out of a blood vessel into a cell.
Term
palmar
Definition
Referring to the palm of the hand.
Term
Patella
Definition
the kneecap
Term
pelvis
Definition
The basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities.
Term
Perfusion
Definition
The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blooed through the capillaries.
Term
peripheral nervous system
Definition
The nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord.
Term
Phalanges
Definition
The toes bones and finger bones.
Term
Pharynx
Definition
the throat, or passageway for air from the nasal cavity to the larynx and passageway for food from the mouth to the esophagus.
Term
physiology
Definition
The study of body function.
Term
Plantar
Definition
Referring to the sole of the foot.
Term
Plasma
Definition
The fluid portion of the blood.
Term
Platelets
Definition
Component of blood; membrane-enclosed fragments of specialized cells.
Term
Posterior
Definition
Toward the back
Term
posterior plane
Definition
the back of dorsal side of the body
Term
posterior tibial artery
Definition
a major artery that travels from the calf to the foot and that be felt on the medial surface of the ankle bone.
Term
Prefix
Definition
a syllable added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning or to give additional or specific meaning to the word.
Term
prone
Definition
Lying face down
Term
proximal
Definition
Closer to the torso
Term
pubis
Definition
The medial anterior portion o the pelvis
Term
pulmonary arterty
Definition
The vessels that carry blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.
Term
pulmonary vein
Definition
The bessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Term
Pulse
Definition
The rhytmic beats caused as waves of blood move through and expand arteries.
Term
radial artery
Definition
The artery of the lower arm. It is felt when taking the pulse at the wrist.
Term
Radius
Definition
The lateral bone of the forearm
Term
red blood cells
Definition
Component of the blood. The carry oxygen to and CO2 away from the cells.
Term
Respiration
Definition
the process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide across membranes, in and out of alveoli, capillaries and cells; gas exchange.
Term
respiratory system
Definition
The system of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide.
Term
Right
Definition
refers to the patient's right
Term
right plane
Definition
everything to the right of the midline.
Term
sagittal spine
Definition
a vertical plane drawn front to back through the body at the midline, dividing the body into right and left planes.
Term
scapula
Definition
The shoulder blade
Term
shock
Definition
Same as hypoperfusion
Term
shock position
Definition
elevation of the legs of a supine patient approximately 12 inches; an alternative to the Trendelenburg position.
Term
spinal column
Definition
the column of vertebrae that encloses the spinal cord.
Term
sternum
Definition
The breastbone
Term
subcutaneous layer
Definition
The layers of fat and soft tissues found beneath the dermism.
Term
Suffix
Definition
a syllable added to the end of a word to modify its meaing or to give additional or specific meaning to the word
Term
superior
Definition
above; Toward the head
Term
superior plane
Definition
everything above the transverse line (above the waist).
Term
supine
Definition
Lying on the back.
Term
systolic blood pressure
Definition
The pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into circulation.
Term
Tarsals
Definition
The anklebones
Term
thoracic spine
Definition
the upper back, or the 12 thoracic vertabrae directly inferior to the cervical spine.
Term
thorax
Definition
The chest
Term
thyroid cartilage
Definition
the Adam's apple; the anterior cartilage that covers the larynx.
Term
tibia
Definition
The medial and larger bone of the lower leg.
Term
Trachea
Definition
The "windpipe"; the structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs.
Term
transverse line
Definition
an imaginary line drawn horizontally through the waist.
Term
transverse plane
Definition
an imaginery line drawn horizontally through the waist, front to back, which divides the body into superior and inferior planes.
Term
Trendelenburg position
Definition
A position in which the patient's feet and legs are higher than the head. Also referred to as the shock position.
Term
Ulna
Definition
The medial bone of the forearm.
Term
Valves
Definition
A structure that opens and closes to permit the flow of a fluid in only one direction.
Term
Vein
Definition
Any blood vessel returning blood to the heart.
Term
venae cavae
Definition
The superior and inferior return blood from the body to the right atrium.
Term
Ventilation
Definition
the mechanical process by which air is moved in and out of the lungs, primarily caused by changes in pressure inside the chest.
Term
ventral
Definition
Referring to the front of the body. Synonym for anterior.
Term
Ventricles
Definition
The two lower chambers of the heart, consists of a left and right.
Term
Venule
Definition
The smallest kind of vein.
Term
Vertebrae
Definition
The 33 bones of the spinal column
Term
voluntary muscle
Definition
Muscle that can be conciously controlled.
Term
white blood cells
Definition
Component of blood. The produce substances that help the body fight infection.
Term
xiphoid (ZI_foyd) process
Definition
The inferior portion of the sternum.
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