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knowing the names and shapes of the letters in the alphabet |
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Oversized books that allow for the sharing of print and illustrations with children. |
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Putting together individual sounds to make spoken words. |
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The use of letter-sound relationship information to attempt to write words. |
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The view that literacy learning begins at birth and is encouraged through participation with adults in meaningful reading and writing activities. |
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Print that is a part of everyday life, such as signs, billboards, labels, and business logos. |
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Efforts by young children to experiment with writing by creating pretend and real letters and by organizing scribbles and marks on paper |
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The same as developmental spelling |
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Includes all the activities involved in speaking, listening, reading, writing, and appreciating both spoken and written language. |
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The smallest parts of spoken language that combine to form words. For example, the word hit is made up of three phonemes (/h/ /i/ /t/) and differs by one phoneme from the words pit, hip and hot. |
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The ability to notice and work with the individual sounds in spoken language. |
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The understanding that spoken language is made up of individual and separate sounds. In addition to phonemes, phonological awareness activities can involve work with rhymes, words, sentences, and syllables |
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Children’s attempts to “read” a book before they have learned to read. Usually children pretend read a familiar book that they have practically memorized. |
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Knowing about print and books and how they are used. |
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Taking spoken words apart sound by sound. |
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The language used in talking and listening; in contrast to written language, which is the language used in writing and reading. |
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A word part that contains a vowel or, in spoken language, a vowel sound (e-vent, news-pa-per, pret-ty) |
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