Term
| In the blastula stage, how many layers does the embryonic disc have and what are they? |
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Definition
| 2: epiblast and hypoblast |
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Term
| embryonic sacs and their layers |
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Definition
amniotic: epiblast (with primitive streak)
yolk: hypoblast |
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Term
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Definition
| epiblast cells go through primitive streak to form ectoderm (top), endoderm (bottom) and mesoderm (middle) |
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Term
| in the gastrula, which section induces nervous system development? |
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Definition
| midline mesoderm factors on ectoderm above |
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Term
| what layer does the neural plate form from? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| neural tube develops from neural plate; neural plate wraps around and fuzes in center, then zips in both directions. above the connection, the neural crest forms |
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Term
| incomplete closure of neural tube leads to ________ |
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Definition
| spina bifida (spine, usually ok), anencephaly (brain area, lethal) |
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Term
| rostral early neural tube swellings |
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Definition
| brain vesicles: prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon |
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Term
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Definition
| allow us to stand upright (dorsal/ventral) |
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Term
| second two structure types formed |
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Definition
| optic cups and secondary brain vesicles: telen (forebrain), dien (limbic), meten (pons, cerebellum), (pontine flexure), and myelencephalon (medulla) |
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Term
| optic vesicles become ____ |
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Definition
| neural retina and pigment epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the entire nervous system develops from _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| describe the pattern of growth for the telencephalon |
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Definition
| "ram's horn": posterior, then overlaps to anterior, covering the insula, this pattern is clear throughout the brain |
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Term
| What does the neural tube become? |
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Definition
| this lumen becomes the ventricular system |
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Term
| Where does the neural crest come from? |
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Definition
| the outer border of the neural plate, which becomes a tube, connecting the neural crest cells together |
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Term
| After neural crest cells connect opposite neural groove, what do they do? |
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Definition
| form neural crest above the neural tube on the dorsal side, then migrate to develop most of the cells of the peripheral nervous system, and some others |
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Term
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Definition
neurons (sensory, DRG, sympathetic, parasympathetic)
glia (schwann, satellite)
neurosecretory (thyroid C, adrenal medulla)
melanocytes
skeletal and connective tissue of head and face
muscles (eye, cranial blood vessels and dermis)
mesenchyme of thyroid, parathyroid, and salivary |
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Term
| neural placodes can give rise to ____ |
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Definition
| cranial nerve sensory ganglia |
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Term
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Definition
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