Term
Anatomical Positioning in a adult, what is it in an embryo? superior Inferior Anterior Posterior |
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Definition
Cranial Caudal Ventral Dorsal |
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Term
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Definition
| the formation of gametes, in female and male. |
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Term
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Definition
-formation of ova -occurs in ovaries |
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Term
| pathway from ooginia to ovum? |
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Definition
| oogonia-->primary oocyte-->secondary oocyte--ovum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 2 layers that surround the OOCYTE? |
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Definition
Zona pellucida(ZP): -inner layer -glycoprotien Corona Radiata (CR): -outer layer -made of follicular cells -23 haploid cells (chromosomes) |
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Term
| What is expelled through the ovaduct? |
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Definition
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Definition
-recieves the secondary oocyte -extend laterally from uterus |
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Term
| what are the 3 parts of the fallopian tubes? |
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Definition
Infundibulum-(distal) -surrounds the fimbrae moves to attract egg Ampulla (medial part) -longest widest part of uterine tube -NORMAL fertilization site Isthmus (proximal) -opens to the uterus |
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Term
| What are the 3 layers of the uterus? |
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Definition
1. Perimetrium(Outer layer) 2. Myometrium (middle layer) -thick muscle layer -ussually smooth muscle -used to push out baby 3. endometrium (inner layer) -affected by hormones -filled blood vs and glands -normal site of implantation |
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Term
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Definition
-contains 23 chromosomes -acrosome (cap like organelle that covers the anterior portion of the organelle 66% of the head) -acrosome contains enzymes to help break the secondary oocytes protective system |
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Term
| what are the 3 pieces of the tail called? |
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Definition
1. middle piece -contains mitochondria to keep it swimming 2. principle piece 3. end piece |
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Term
| how many sperm reach fertilization site? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-maturation of the sperm -occurs durring its travels up the uterine tubes -takes around 7 hours for it to capacitate -when sperm hits cr, it undergoes acrosome reaction. |
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Term
| When does fertilization ussually occur? |
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Definition
-12-24 hours after ovulation - gestational age is calculated from the onset of the mothers last menstral period (LMP) |
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Term
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Definition
| is considered the true age of the embryo |
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Term
| Penetration of the ZP and CR, give some of the steps that occur. |
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Definition
-acrosome rxn releases enzymes: hylauronidase to get the sperm through CR -acrosin and neuromindase get the sperm through ZP -once this occurs, zp undergoes Zona RXN to make the zp inpenatrable to all other sperm. |
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Term
| Penetraition of the secondary oocyte, give some steps. |
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Definition
-sperm enters and looses tail -oocyte induced to become mature ovum -male and female nucleus=ZYGOTE |
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Term
| What are the results from fertilization? |
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Definition
-Diploid (23Mother, 23Father)=46 chromes -Chromosomal sex is established (XX or XY) -species variation -Initiation of cleavage |
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Term
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Definition
-30 hours after fertilization -rapid mitotic division of the zygote -starts to move towards the uterus -resulting cells are called BLASTOMERES |
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Term
| when is a zygote called a morulla? |
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Definition
| -by 12-16 cells, formed by the blastomere |
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Term
| Blastocyst formation, what are some steps? |
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Definition
-morulla enters uterus -blastocyst cavity forms |
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Term
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Definition
| -fluid enters morula and creates a cavity called blastocyst cavity |
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Term
| what are the two parts that seperate the blastocyst cavity? |
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Definition
1. trophoblast (outer cell mass) -"nourish" -forms the wall of blastocyte 2. embryoblast (inner) -becomes the embryo |
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Term
| When does the Zona Pullucida degerate? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| blastocyst attaches to the endometrial epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
trophoblast separtes into 2 different parts: 1. cytotrophoblast -inner layer -celluar -very organized 2. syncytiotrophoblast -outer layer -multi nucleated mass -releases substances to erode maternal tissues -can cause spotting |
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Term
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Definition
single layer of cuboidal cells that form in the embryoblast. HYPOBLAST will form the blastocyst cavity. |
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Term
| When do we have superficial implantation? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-occurs when implantation occurs outside of the uterus -most common tubal pregnancies (ampulla) -last up to 8 weeks before burst |
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Term
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Definition
-can cause scarring in the uterine tubes causing the egg not to travel the right path for fert/implantation. -std's can cuase PID |
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Term
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Definition
| -is a small space formed around the 2 layers of the trophoblast and the embryoblast. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Epiblast (Columnar, Tall) -located inferior to the amniotic cavity 2. Hypoblast (cuboidal cells) -form the roof of the blastocyst cavity |
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Term
| When is the embryoblast called a yolk sac? |
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Definition
| when the bilaminer disc is formed. |
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Term
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Definition
-filled with mothers blood and gladular secretions -lacunae develop in sycytiotrophoblast spaces -primodial uteroplacental circulation |
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Term
| where does the embryo recieve it's nourishment from? |
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Definition
| lacunae and yolk sac (2-3 weeks) |
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Term
| By which day is implantation complete? (after the lacuae forms) |
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Definition
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