Term
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Definition
Body folding creates the gut tube from endoderm lined yolk-sac
Gut tube is suspended by dorsal mesentary |
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Term
| Foregut endoderm proliferates to form |
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Definition
| Buds for lungs, liver, gallbladder pancreas. |
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Term
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Definition
Ventral mesentery forms septum transversum.
Grwoth of the liver into septum produces falciform ligament and lesser omentum |
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Term
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Definition
Produce surfactant -> decreases surface tension
Premature infants have respiratory distress form insufficient surfactant |
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Term
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Definition
Differentiation of gut tube regulated by interactions between gut endoderm and surrounding mesoderm.
HOX genes |
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Term
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Definition
Liver induction requires signals from Cardiac mesoderm and septum transversum.
FGF and BMD |
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Term
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Definition
Ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds form on opposite sides of gut tube.
Ventral swings around and forms pancreas.
Annular pancreas -> ventral bud swung wrong way |
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Term
| Dorsal sv Ventral Mesenteries |
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Definition
Ventral = Lesser omentum
Dorsal = Greater omentum
Greater omentum fuse with mesentery of transverse colon |
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Term
| Formation of primary loop |
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Definition
| Midgut rotates counter clockwise around SMA to form primary intestinal loop |
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Term
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Definition
| Remnant of the vitelline duct |
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Term
| Urinary and genital system develop from? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Horseshoe: Failure to ascend and separate
WTI can induce formation of two ureters: Superior on kidney will insert inferiorly on bladder |
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Term
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Definition
| Growth of vagina triggered by paramesonephric ducts fusing and touching the urogenital sinus. |
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Term
| Vagina/Uterine malformations |
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Definition
Double vagina: failed fusion of paramesonephric ducts
Uterus Bicornus: failure of middle wall to go through cell death |
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Term
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Definition
Males: SRY -> SOX9
SOX 9 inhibits WNT4(female)
Female: WNT4 produces DAX1.
DAX1 inhibits SOX9 |
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Term
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Definition
testes are pulled down by gubernaculum
Cryptochidism: failure to descend
Tunica vaginalis may not close completly -> indirect hernias. hydrocele |
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