Term
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Definition
Ventricle and Atrium change positions.
Ventricle move down. Atrium moves up |
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Term
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Definition
| Normally defect in muscular septum |
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Term
| Septum formation in heart |
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Definition
Endocardial cushion separates atrium from ventricles by forming bicuspid and tricuspid valves.
Primary Septum grows down. Cell death in it forms ostium secundum. Primary septum becomes valve for foramen ovale
Septum secundum grows down to form foramen ovale. |
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Term
| Formation of outflow tract of heart |
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Definition
Conotruncal septum spirals.
Transposition of great vessels occurs when it fails to spiral.
Tetralogy of Fallot is also due to outflow tract formation. (aorta gets larger segment.) |
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Term
| Seperation of Esophagus/trachea |
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Definition
Tracheoesophageal ridge divides the two.
Abnormalities;
Fistulas: connection between the two
Atresias: Blind pouch |
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Term
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Definition
Failure of midgut to retract back into body after herniation caused by growth of liver.
Occurs at umbilical. and intestines are still surronded by amnion |
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Term
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Definition
Uteric Bud grows off of mesonephric duct, produces WTI, and grows into metanephric system
WTI induces metanephric mesoderm to form function part of kidneys.
Uteric bud forms collecting ducts |
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Term
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Definition
Urorectal septum Divides cloaca intoanal and genital canal.
Bladder develops partly from allantois.
Urorectal septum becomes the perineum. |
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Term
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Definition
Germ cells migrate from the yolk sac to the genital ridge.
Males: Medulla develops.
Sertoli Cells: produce Anti mullerian hormone.
Leydig cells: Produce dihydrotestosterone
Females: Cortex Develops |
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Term
| Paramesonephric duct and mesonephric duct |
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Definition
Males: Mesonephric duct forms epididymis, vas deferens. Paramesonephric disapears.
Females: Paramesonephric duct forms uterine tubes and uterus upon merging.
Mesonephric duct dissapears |
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Term
Fate of:
genital tubercle
Genital Swelling
Urethral folds |
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Definition
Males:
Genital Tubercle = Glans penis
Urethral folds = Close and form urethra
Genital Swelling = Scrotum
Females:
Genital Tubercle = Clit
Urethral folds = labia minora
Genital swelling = Labia Majora |
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Term
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Definition
3: Carotid
4L: Aorta
4R: Subclavian
6: Pulmonary |
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Term
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Definition
Treacher Collins syndrome
Robin Sequence |
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Term
| Forebrain(prosencephalon) |
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Definition
Telencephalon: Cerebral Hemispheres
Dicencephalon: Thymus, Hypothalmus, Pituatery, 3rd ventricle. |
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Term
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Definition
Mesencephalon:
Anterior(visual)
Posterior (auditory colliculi)
Cerebral aqueduct of slyvius |
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Term
| Hindbrain(rhombencephalon) |
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Definition
Metencephalon: Cerebellum, Pons
Mylencephalon: Medulla oblongata |
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Term
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Definition
Alar Plate: Sensory Neurons. (BMP)
Basal plate: Motor Neurons (SHH)
Mantle Layer: Gray Matter(cell bodies)
Marginal layer: White matter(Fiber tracts) |
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Term
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Definition
| PAX 6: master gene for development |
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Term
| Synopthalmia and holoprosencephaly |
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Definition
SHH does not establish the midline and only one eye or cerebral hemisphere is formed.
Also due to altered cholesterol metabolism(Smith-lemli-optiz). SHH rides on cholesterol.
And alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Ventral: Saccule and cochlear duct
Dorsal: Utricle, semicircular canal, endolymphatic duct |
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