Term
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Definition
Sx: Paresthesias, perioral tingling, peripheral spasms, N/V, nervousness, weakness, mm stiffness & cramps, dysphagia, abd pain
Signs:
Tetany:
-chvostek's sign: facial n. tapping
-Trousseaus sign: cclusion of brachial artery with BP cuff for 3 minutes, (+) test suggest carpopedal spams |
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Term
| Rx that can cause hypocalcemia |
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Definition
Gentamycin
cis-platinum
Ethylene Glycol
Colchicine
EDTA
Protamine
Mithramycin
Dilantin
Phenobarbital
Transfusion with citrated blood |
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Term
| Evaluation of hypocalcemia |
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Definition
| Labs: Total Serum Calcium low, Ionized Calcium low, Corrected Serum Calcium low, Serum phophate high, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) high |
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Term
| Medical causes of hypocalcemia |
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Definition
Hypoparathyroidism
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) High
Pancreatitis
Hyperphosphatemia
Hypovitaminosis D
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Medications |
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Term
|
Definition
TBW 60% of Total body weight
IC 2/3 total (K+ major cation)
EC 1/3 total (Na major cation) |
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Term
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Definition
| Decr serum albumin by 1gm/dL will decrease Ca+ 0.8 mg/dL |
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Term
| K+ needed to increase serum by 1meq/L |
|
Definition
Acute hypokalemia: 40 meq-> increase 1 meq/L serum
Chronic: 150 meq -> increase 1 meq/L serum |
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Term
| Mg+ toxicity presentation |
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Definition
| Absent DTR, bradycardia, resp. depression |
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Term
| Rx: Mg+ toxicity antidote |
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Definition
| Ca+ gluconate 10% 1-10 ml (1grm) IVP *Check!* |
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Term
| Ca+ is involved in which physiological fxns? |
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Definition
| Coagulation, platelet aggregation, hormone secretion, depolarization of electric cells, fxn fo contractile prot, regulation of intracellular enzyme activity |
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Term
| What elyte abnormality is a potential complication of rickets tx? |
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Definition
| Hypocalcemia from Vit D administration |
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Term
| 4 types of lactic acidosis |
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Definition
Type A - Inadequate tissue perfussion
Type B1- 2ry to DM, ARF, Hep Failure, sepsis, reyes, Sz
Type B2- 2ry to drugs, EtOH, MEtOH, fructose, sorbitol
Type B3- Inborn error of metabolism, Type 1 glucogen storage dz |
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Term
| Correction of serum Ca+ for albumin |
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Definition
1.No correction needed for ionized calcium
2.Calculation 1:
Serum Calcium / (0.6 + (Total Protein/8.5))
3.Calculation 2:
Calcium + ((Normal Albumin - Serum Albumin) x 0.8)
Where normal albumin is often 4.0
Normal values:
-Serum Calcium: 8 to 10 mg/dl
-Ionized (free) Calcium: 4 to 5.6 mg/dl |
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