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Definition
| different versions of a gene. one you inherit from mom, one you inherit from dad. Alleles are represented by a single letter. |
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Definition
| a section of DNA that codes for a specific trait or protein. |
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Definition
a genotype that has two different alleles.
ex. Hh |
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Definition
a genotype that has two of the same alleles.
ex. HH or hh |
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Definition
an organisms genetic make up for a specific trait. usually represented by a two letter code.
ex. HH, Hh, or hh |
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Definition
the physical expression of how the genotype looks.
Ex. TT= tall (tall is the phenotype)
Ex. Pp= purple (purple is phenotype) |
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Definition
an allele/trait that is always expressed when present in the genotype.
Represented by CAPITAL letters
ex. T is dominant to little t |
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Definition
an allele/trait that is only seen in the organisms phenotype if there are no dominant alleles present.
Represented by lowercase letters
ex. t= short T= tall, tt= short |
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Definition
a ratio that expresses what number of offspring are of each genotype.
ex. 1 TT: 2 Tt: 1tt
or as percents: 25% TT: 50% Tt: 25%tt |
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Definition
a ratio that expresses how many of the offspring have a certain phenotype.
ex. 50% purple: 50% white flowers |
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Definition
| a chromosome that is not related to sex determination (x or y). in humans an autosome is a chromosome in pairs 1-22 on a karyotype. |
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Definition
| a trait that is connected to the x or y chromosomes (sex-chromosomes) |
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Definition
| a cross (punnett square) that has two traits that are linked together, meaning the genotype has FOUR letters not two! |
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Definition
| a cross (punnett square)that follows a single trait. Each genotype has 2 letters. |
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Term
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Definition
| a trait that has a simple inheritance pattern--dominant and recessive. |
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