Term
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Definition
| The failure of the kidneys to produce urine, resulting in a total lack of urination or output of less than 100 mL per day in an adult |
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Term
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Definition
Hyperactive, high-pitched, tinkling, rushing, or growling bowel sounds heard in diarrhea or at the onset of bowel obstruction |
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Definition
Blowing sound sometimes heard due to restriction of blood flow through the vessels |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
A test that uses 24-hour urine and serum creatinine levels to determine the glomerular filtration rate; a sensitive indicator of renal function |
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Definition
The expulsion of feces from the anus and rectum |
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Term
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Definition
The smooth muscle layers of the bladder wall, the detrusor muscle allows the bladder to expand as it fills with urine and contract as it releases urine during voiding |
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Term
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Definition
A process by which fluids and molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher solute concentration to one of lower solute concentration according to the rules of osmosis |
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Term
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Definition
| The passage of liquid feces and an increased frequency of defecation |
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Term
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Definition
The production of abnormally large amounts of urine |
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Term
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Definition
Pharmacologic agents that increase urine formation and secretion |
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Term
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Definition
| The secretion and excretion of body wastes from the kidneys and intestines |
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Term
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Definition
| Difficult or painful urination |
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Term
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Definition
| Involuntary passing of urine in children after bladder control is achieved |
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Term
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Definition
| Body wastes and undigested food eliminated from the bowel |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of excessive amounts of gas in the stomach or intestines |
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Term
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Definition
| Gas or air normally present in the stomach or intestines |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased peristalsis of the colon after food has entered the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| Found in the nephrons of the kidneys, a tuft of capillaries surrounded by Bowman’s capsule |
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Term
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Definition
| Excretion of carbohydrates into the urine |
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Term
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Definition
| A process by which the client’s blood flows through vascular catheters, passes by the dialysate in an external machine, and then returns to the client |
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Term
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Definition
| A protrusion (such as of the intestine through the inguinal wall or canal) |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreased blood levels of sodium |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition that causes a temporary cessation of the passage of material through the intestines |
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Term
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Definition
| Medications that stimulate bowel activity and assist in fecal elimination |
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Term
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Definition
| A body passage or opening |
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Term
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Definition
| The first fecal material passed by the newborn, normally up to 24 hours after birth |
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Term
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Definition
| Releasing urine from the urinary bladder (voiding) |
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Term
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Definition
| Interference with the normal mechanisms of urine elimination in which the client does not perceive bladder fullness and is unable to control the urinary sphincters; the result of impaired neurologic function |
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Term
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Definition
| Voiding two or more times at night |
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Term
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Definition
| Bed wetting; involuntary urination at night after bladder control is achieved |
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Term
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Definition
| The need for older adults to arise during the night to urinate |
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Term
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Definition
| The production of abnormally small amounts of urine by the kidney |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which dialysate is instilled into the abdominal cavity through a catheter, allowed to rest there while fluids and molecules exchange, and then removed through the catheter |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The production of abnormally large amounts of urine |
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Term
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Definition
| A backward flow of acidic secretions into the lower esophagus |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which the kidneys are unable to produce urine, resulting in altered fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance |
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Term
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Definition
| Urine that remains in the bladder after voiding |
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Term
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Definition
| The excreted waste products from the bowel |
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Term
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Definition
| Whitish-silver stretch marks seen in obesity and during or after pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
| The sudden, strong desire to void |
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Term
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Definition
| The need to urinate often |
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Term
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Definition
| A delay and difficulty in initiating voiding; often associated with dysuria |
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Term
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Definition
| Releasing urine from the urinary bladder (voiding) |
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Term
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Definition
| Releasing urine from the urinary bladder (urinating) |
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Term
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Definition
| A hormone that stimulates the development and maintenance of male sex characteristics |
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Term
| Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) |
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Definition
| Age-related, nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland that decreases the outflow of urine by obstructing the urethra, causing difficult urination |
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Term
| Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI) |
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Definition
| Used to prevent the formation of blood clots which can obstruct urinary output |
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Term
| Digital Rectal Examination |
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Definition
| An examination to detect for abnormalities in the rectum that can be detected through palpation |
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Term
| Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) |
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Definition
| Formed in the prostate from testosterone, DHT is the androgen that mediates prostatic growth at all ages |
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Term
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Definition
| Saclike projections of mucosa through the muscular layer of the colon |
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Term
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Definition
| Accumulation of urine in the renal pelvis as a result of obstructed outflow |
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Term
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Definition
| Distention of the ureter with urine |
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Term
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Definition
| An increase in the number or density of normal cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Enlargement of glandular cells or muscles |
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Term
| Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) |
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Definition
| A protein produced in the cells of the prostate gland |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the prostate gland |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which the client experiences the symptoms of prostatitis, but shows no evidence of inflammation or infection |
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Term
| Transurethral Incision of the Prostate (TUIP) |
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Definition
| A procedure where small incisions are made in the smooth muscle where the prostate is attached to the bladder. The gland is split to reduce pressure on the urethra |
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Term
| Transurethral Needle Ablation (TUNA) |
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Definition
| A system that uses low-level radio frequency through twin needles to burn away a region of the enlarged prostate |
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Term
| Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) |
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Definition
| A surgical procedure that obstructs the prostate tissue is removed using the sire loop of a resectoscope and electrocautery inserted through the urethra. During the procedure, the surgeon uses the resectoscope to remove obstructing tissue one piece at a time |
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Term
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Definition
| Assess for fluid volume excess and hyponatremia which is manifested by hyponatremia, decreased hematocrit, hypertension, bradycardia, nausea, and confusion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Gradually increases the bladder capacity by increasing the intervals between voiding and resisting the urge to void |
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Term
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Definition
| Attempts to keep clients dry by having them void at regular intervals |
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Term
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Definition
| Toileting at regular intervals |
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Term
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Definition
| Involuntary urination due to the temporary or permanent inability of the external sphincter muscles to control the flow of urine from the bladder |
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Term
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Definition
| The accumulation of urine in the bladder and inability of the bladder to empty itself, resulting in overdistention of the bladder |
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Term
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Definition
| Fewer that three bowel movements per week or the difficult passage of stools |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal elimination pattern characterized by destruction of the walls of the alveoli, with resulting enlargement of abnormal air spaces |
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Term
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Definition
| A mass or collection of hardened feces in the folds of the rectum |
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Term
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Definition
| The loss of voluntary ability to control fecal and gaseous discharges through the anal sphincter |
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Term
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Definition
| A chronic inflammatory bowel disorder that affects the mucosa and submucosa of the colon and rectum |
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Term
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Definition
| A chemical compound from which kidney stones may form |
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Term
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Definition
| A chemical compound from which kidney stones may form |
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Term
| Extracorporeal Shock wave Lithotrippsy (ESWL) |
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Definition
| A noninvasive technique for fragmenting kidney stones using shock waves generated outside the body |
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Term
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Definition
| A procedure for removal of a staghorn calculus that invades the calyces and renal parenchyma |
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Term
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Definition
| The formation of a crystal from a liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| An incision into and removal of a stone from the kidney pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| Acute, severe flank pain on the affected side; develops when a stone obstructs the ureter, causing ureteral spasm |
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Term
| Struvite Stones (Staghorn Stones) |
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Definition
| A type of calculi associated with UTI caused by urease-producing bacteria such as Proteus. These stones can grow to become very large, filling the renal pelvis and calyces. They are often called staghorn stones because of their shape |
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Term
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Definition
| An incision in the affected ureter to remove a calculus |
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Term
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Definition
| Develop when the urine concentration of uric acid is high |
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Term
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Definition
| Stones in the urinary tract |
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Term
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Definition
| The formation of stones in the urinary tract |
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