Term
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Definition
| the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. |
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Term
| List and describe the basic steps of the scientific method |
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Definition
| question, research, hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw conclusion, check hypothesis. |
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Term
| Explain Plato’s Allegory of the Cave |
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Definition
| represents a complex model as to which we are to travel through our lives and understanding. The four stages of thought combined with the progress of human development represent our own path to complete awareness in which the most virtuous and distinguished will reach, and upon doing so shall lead the public. The story as told by Socrates and Glaucon presents a unique look at the way in which reality plays such an important part in our own existence, and how one understands it can be used as a qualification for leadership and government. |
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Term
| What are the three main principles espoused by the U.S. Constitution? |
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Definition
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Federalism |
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Term
| List the enumerated powers that the U.S. Constitution gives to the national government. |
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Definition
The U.S. Constitution lists only twenty enumerated powers assigned to the federal government. These 20 enumerated powers are as follows:
1.
Coin and regulate the value of money.
2.
Administer the seat of government.
3.
Tax.
4.
Borrow.
5.
Spend.
6.
Punish crimes on the high seas.
7.
Establish federal courts.
8.
Pass copyright and patent laws.
9.
Raise and finance armed forces.
10.
Establish bankruptcy laws.
11.
Establish rules for citizenship.
12.
Call up state militias.
13.
Administer federal lands.
14.
Establish rules for the armed forces.
15.
Establish a postal system.
16.
Regulate commerce.
17.
Standardize weights and measures.
18.
Punish counterfeiting.
19.
Declare war.
20.Pass laws to implement the above. |
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Term
| Who is the American scholar who began the first formal study of political science at the university level? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1.
the political direction and control exercised over the actions of the members, citizens, or inhabitants of communities, societies,and states; direction of the affairs of a state, community, etc.;political administration: Government is necessary to the existence of civilized society. |
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Term
| How did Harold Lasswell define politics? |
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Definition
| Politics is who gets what, when, and how. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attributed states have when they have ultimate power over a territory. |
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Term
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Definition
| The school of thought that looks at the “actual” behavior of certain persons or institutions. it is largely data driven and without a strong commitment to values. |
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Term
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Definition
| to divide (a state, school district, etc.) into political units that give one group an unfair advantage |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive use of rules, regulations, and procedures |
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Term
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Definition
| Forget why you have rules in the first place; slavish devotion to a set of rules at the expense of it underlying purpose |
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Term
| What are the three points of the iron triangle? |
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Definition
| a concept in U.S. politics involving a three-sided relationship among Congress, a Federal department or agency, and a particular industry or interest group. |
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Term
1.
List the main characteristics of both authoritarian and democratic regimes. |
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Definition
Authoritarian:
Leaders are the primary source of law
Transition of power not based on elections
Limits on expression
Lack of political representation
Democratic
Limits power on government
Secures individual rights
Holds fair, free elections
Free political parties
Rely of “civil society” |
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Term
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Definition
| help scientific communities to organize their disciplines |
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Term
| how do paradgim help scientific research |
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Definition
creates avenues of inquiry
helps establish/create relevance |
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Term
| how did karl popper distinguish the scientific from the unscientific? |
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Definition
| demarcation criterion - what distinguishes the unscientific from the unscientific is the refutability of the hypothesis |
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Term
| principle of falsifiability? |
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Definition
| science can only approach truth by showing what is not true |
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Term
| what role does opinion play in scientific inquiry? |
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Definition
| it can't be eliminated from inquiry |
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Term
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Definition
| looks to eliminate socially caused misery. based on "the truth shall set you free" |
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Term
| what are the three basic claims of critical social science? |
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Definition
1. humans are typically unfree
2. human life need not be this way
3. the oppressed can free themselves by acquiring knowledge |
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Term
| what are the 4 elements of a fully developed critical theory? |
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Definition
1. theory of false consciousness
2. theory of crisis
3. theory of education
4. theory of transformative action |
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Term
| describe self-estrangement theory |
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Definition
| human existence is split between the manifest/ordinary and the hidden extrodianary. many people are unaware of this split |
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Term
| what did Confucius say about how rulers should rule? |
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Definition
| learn self discipline and govern by example (virtue) |
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Term
| what did kautilya (chanahya) say about how rulers should rule? |
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Definition
excise self control
cultivate the intelligent
be informed (through spies)
practice non-violence toward all living things |
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Term
| what did Machiavelli say about rulers? |
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Definition
by any means
should lie to people so they trust the ruler |
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Term
| why is Aristotle considered the "founder of the discipline"? |
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Definition
first empirical political scientist
searched for the source of a good and stable political system
regarded political science as a "master science" |
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Term
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Definition
| rule by one in the interests of all |
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Term
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Definition
| rule by the few in the internets of all |
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Term
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Definition
| rule by the many in the interests of all |
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Term
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Definition
| rule by one in the interests of one |
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Term
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Definition
| rule by the few in the interests of the few |
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Term
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Definition
| rule by the majority in the interests of the majority |
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Term
| comparative politics and area studies |
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Definition
| examines how different political systems operate |
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Term
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Definition
| focuses on interrelationships between and among states |
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Term
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Definition
| analyzes structure and government and political behavior whithin the united states |
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Term
| political research and methodology |
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Definition
| focuses on the application of empirical social science in the gathering and interpretation of political data |
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Term
| political theory and philosophy |
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Definition
| concerned with normative question, philosophy of science, and ethical dimensions of politics |
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Term
| who studied Germanys model of higher ed and started first school in political science |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| development and implantation of public policy |
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Term
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Definition
| a population with a certain sense of itself, a cohesiveness, a shared history and culture, and often (but not always) a common language |
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Term
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Definition
| a state encompassing a single nation. majority of people form a dominant in-group |
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Term
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Definition
| government structure usually soverign and powerful enough to provide security, extract revenues, and allocate resources within its jurisdictional boundaries |
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Term
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Definition
meets directly with the public
offers particular services
example: department of agriculture assists farmers |
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Term
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Definition
serves executive and other line agencies
ex: HR office, omb |
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Term
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Definition
| evaluates political issues and frauds across nation-states in terms of formulating and implementing laws through established institutions |
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Term
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Definition
leaders are primarly source of laws
transition of power now based on elections
limts on expressions
lack representation political parties |
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Term
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Definition
control private life of citizens through institutional and technological means
common ideology is devotion to state as highest level |
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Term
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Definition
in early 1950s only 22 countries were considered democratic
now there are over 120 |
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Term
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Definition
arena in which individuals and organizations participate freely in collective action
norms of shared interests, purposes, values and traditions |
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Term
| How did Adam Smith and Karl Marx differ on capitalism and the role played by private property? |
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Definition
| adam smith believed that private property would bring the right for indivduals to make choices about the directions of ones life |
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Term
| who did plato conclude in The Republic should be the rulers? |
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Definition
| only those possessing perfect knowledge should rule because perfect knowledge is required in order to fully understand the full dimension of justice |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which one's attitudes and values are shaped |
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Term
| historically what three major methodological traditions (schools of thought) has divided political science? |
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Definition
| traditionalism, behavioralism, post-behavioralism |
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Term
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Definition
| the methodological tradition that seeks to understand if certain government or political institutions are behaving in accordance with how they "ought to behave" |
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Term
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Definition
| any approach that seeks to determine how one "ought to live" |
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Term
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Definition
| the school of thought that seeks to combine elements of the traditional approach (especially the idea of values) with those of behavioralism |
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Term
| what are the subfields of political science? |
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Definition
| political theory, American politics, comparative politics, and international relations |
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