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Assumes that the presence and abundance of the individual species found in a given comminity are solely a result of the independent responses of each individual species to the prevailing physical environment |
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Where the predator enhances one more inferior competitors by reducing the abundance of the superior competitor |
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Occurs when a single species of predator deeds on two prey species. When the predator is absent each population of the two prey species is regulated by purely intraspecific density-dependent mechanisms |
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Indirect interaction is beneficial both species |
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Productivity and abundance of populations at any given trophic level are controlled by the productivity and abundance of populations in the trophic level below them |
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Occurs when predators populations can control the abundance of prey species |
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