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4300 - 10,800 cells per cubic millimeter |
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Albunim (protein made in the liver) |
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Definition
3.9 - 5.0 grams/deciliter |
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ALT (alanine aminotransferase) |
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Definition
5 IU/L - 60 IU/L (international units per liter) |
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AST (aspartate aminofransferase) |
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RBC count, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, platelets, WBCs - Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils |
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4.5 - 5.5 (10^6/ml) = 4,500,000 - 5,500,000 |
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42 - 52% male, 37 - 48% female |
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140 - 415 x 10^3 (140,000 - 415,000) |
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4.5 - 11.0 x 10^3 (4,500 - 11,000) |
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CK-BB 0%, CK-MB 0-3.9% (cardiac), CK-MM 96-100% |
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Sodium Hypernatremia symptoms <135 |
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thirst, orthostatic hyptension, dry mouth, dark urine, loss of skin turger, tachycardia, irritable, fatigue, lethargy, labored breathing, muscle twitching |
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sodium Hyponatremia symptoms >145 |
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nausea, abdominal cramping, headache, edema, tremors, paralysis, disorientation, slowed breathing, seizures, coma |
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weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, dysrhymia, diarrea, muscle pain |
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Potasium Hypokalemia <3.5 |
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Definition
weakness, paralysis, increased urination, arrhythmia, orthostatic hypotension, muscle pain, tetany |
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Calcium Hypercalcemia >10.2 |
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Definition
fatigue, constipation, depression, confusion, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, dehydratioin, increased urination, dysrhythmia |
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Definition
muscle cramps, muscle spasms, tetany, convultions, mood changes, dry skin, brittle nails, facial twitching |
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Magnesium Hypermagnesemia >2.5 |
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lethargy, hyptotension, decreased HR and Resp Rate, muscle weakness, arrthymia |
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Magnesium Hypomagnesemia <1.5 |
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Definition
leg and foot cramps, weight loss, vomiting, muscle spasm-twitching and tremors, seizures, weakness, arrythmias |
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Chloride Hyperchloremia >108 |
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weakness, headache, nausea, cardiac arrest |
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chloride Hypochloremia <95 |
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Definition
mental confusion, slowed breathing, paralysis, muscle tension or spasm |
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Phosphate Hyperphosphatemia >4.5 |
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Definition
tingling in hands and fingers, muscle spasms and cramps, convlusions, cardiac arrest |
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Phosphate Hypophosphatemia <2.5 |
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Definition
muscle weakness, weight loss, bone deformities |
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cause usually dehydration: fatigue, nausea, insomnia, dry or itchy skin, urine like body odor, taste and smell can be affected |
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causes: liver problems, malabsorbtion also excessive alcohol consumption. little significance. |
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