Term
| How much body fluids compromise the body by weight. How much is intracelluar and extracelluar |
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Definition
| water and dissolved substances; water comprises 45 to 75 % of the body by weight. 2/3 is intracellular fluid and 1/3 is extracellular fluid |
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Term
| what does Fluid Balance mean? How does water move? |
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Definition
| the body contains the required amount of water to meet bodily needs. Water moves by osmosis. |
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Term
| What factors determine Water in the body? |
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Definition
| the amount varies from person to person; factors are age, gender and amount of adipose |
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Term
| What detrimines Fluid intake and output in body. Generally how much is it per day? |
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Definition
| is determined by the diet (foods, liquids, metabolic water, dehydration synthesis). normally fluid intake is approx. equal to the output (about 2300 ml/day) |
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Term
| What are ways fluids are lost? |
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Definition
1) lungs, skin
2) vomiting and diarrhea
3) fever, severe burns |
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Term
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Definition
| any substance containing free ions that make the substance electrically conductive. electrolytes dissociate in water to form cations and anions |
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Term
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Definition
| compounds which share electrons and don’t form ions (glucose, urea). |
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Term
| Functions of Electrolytes? |
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Definition
| Contain essential minerals. Control osmosis of water between body compartments. help maintain acid-base balance. contribute ions to a solution and attract opposite ions. |
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Term
| What does concentration mean (with water)? |
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Definition
| water moves to the area with the greater number of particles in solution |
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Term
| Distribution of electrolytes? |
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Definition
1. plasma
2. interstitial fluid
3. intracellular fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| Na+ is the most abundant extra-cellular electrolyte. ) necessary for the transmission of impulses in nervous and muscle tissue and plays a large role in fluid and electrolyte balance. Controlled by aldosterone. |
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Term
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Definition
excessive loss of Na+ via perspiration, diuretics or burns. Causes
muscular weakness, tachycardia, hypotension and headaches |
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Term
| What does aldosterone control? |
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Definition
| sodium, magnesium, potassium and chloride |
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Term
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Definition
| osmotic pressure differences between compartments by being able to diffuse between intra-cellular and extra-cellular compartments. |
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Term
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Definition
abnormally low chloride ion levels in the blood due to vomiting, dehydration
and diuretics. Causes muscle spasms |
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Term
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Definition
| plays a role (impulse) in the functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in the buffer system inside the RBC’s |
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Term
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Definition
| low K+ (potassium) levels; possibly caused by vomiting and diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
Ca++ is stored in bones and teeth and can be released when needed by the body.
it is also required for blood clotting, muscle contraction and normal heartbeat |
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Term
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Definition
| parathyroid hormone and calcitonin |
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Term
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Definition
| activates enzyme systems needed to break down ATP and ) involved in reactions in the liver and bone |
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Term
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Definition
| increase in intracellular water concentration, - this condition disrupts nerve cell function, causes convulsions, coma and even death |
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Term
| Acid- Base Balance rely on what mechanisms? |
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Definition
| buffer systems, respirations, and kidney excretions |
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Term
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Definition
| biological system which prevents drastic changes in the pH of a body fluid by changing strong acids & bases into weak acids and bases. Strong Acids= H+ ions and Strong Bases= OH- ions |
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