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Electricity and Magnetism
Chapter 3
31
Physics
8th Grade
02/03/2009

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Term
alternating current
Definition
current consisting of charges that move back and forth in a circuit
Term
armature
Definition
the moving part of an electric motor, consisting of dozens or hundreds of loops of wire wrapped around an iron core
Term
battery
Definition
a combination of two or more electrochemical cells in series
Term
brushes
Definition
the contact points connected to a current source and the commutator of a motor
Term
chemical energy
Definition
the energy stored in chemical compounds
Term
electromagnetic induction
Definition
the process of generating an electric current from the motion of a conductor through a magnetic field
Term
electrode
Definition
a metal part of an electrochemical cell which gains or loses electrons
Term
electrolyte
Definition
a liquid or paste that conducts electricity
Term
power
Definition
the rate at which one form of energy is converted into another; the unit is Watt
Term
rechargeable battery
Definition
a battery in which the products of the electrochemical reaction can be turned back into reactants to be reused
Term
slip rings
Definition
the parts of a generator that rotate with the armature and make contact with the brushes
Term
step-down transformer
Definition
a transformer that decreases voltage
Term
step-up transformer
Definition
a transformer that increases voltage
Term
turbine
Definition
a circular device with many blades that is turned by water, wind, steam or tides
Term
wet cell
Definition
an electrochemical cell in which the electrolyte is a liquid
Term
chemical reaction
Definition
a process in which substances change into new substances with different properties
Term
commutator
Definition
a device that controls the direction of the flow of current through an electric motor
Term
direct current
Definition
current consisting of charges that flow in only one direction in a circuit
Term
dry cell
Definition
an electrochemical cell in which the electrolyte is a paste
Term
electric generator
Definition
a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
Term
electric motor
Definition
a device that increases or decreases voltage
Term
electrical energy
Definition
the energy of moving electrical charges
Term
electrochemical cell
Definition
a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy
Term
energy
Definition
the ability to move an object some distance
Term
galvanometer
Definition
a device that uses an electromagnet to detect small amounts of current
Term
mechanical energy
Definition
the energy an object has due to its movement or position
Term
mechanical energy
Definition
the energy an object has due to its movement or position
Term
nonrenewable resource
Definition
a natural resource that cannot be replaced if used up
Term
renewable resource
Definition
a natural resource that can be replaced in nature at a rate close to the rate at which it is used
Term
terminal
Definition
the part of an electrode above the surface of the electrolyte
Term
transformer
Definition
a device that increases or decreases voltage
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