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Definition
| The series of events or everything that happens in the story. |
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| The beginning of the story that introduces the major characters, primary setting, and central conflict. |
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| The majority of the story where readers learn more about the characters, setting, and conflict and the tension/suspense increase. |
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| The turning point of the story. Where the protagonist comes face-to-face with the conflict. Usually, the most exciting, stressful, or suspenseful moment! |
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| The series of events leading to the solution of the conflict. Things begin to settle down as the story wraps up plot points and answers questions. |
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| The ending of a story that ties up loose ends. The problem is fully solved. Hopefully, it’s the happily ever after moment. |
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| The time (when) and place (where) a story takes place. |
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| A problem/issue in the story that must be solved/confronted. A struggle between opposing forces. |
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| A problem/issue outside of a character and beyond their control. |
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| Character Vs. Character Conflict |
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Definition
| The character has a problem/issue with another person in the story. A type of external conflict. |
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| Character Vs. Nature Conflict |
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Definition
| The character has a problem/issue caused by a force of the natural world like the weather, natural disasters, animals, or the wilderness. A type of external conflict. |
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| Character Vs. Society Conflict |
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Definition
| The character has a problem/issue with a group of people or with a law/rule, cultural tradition, societal norm, or government / institution. A type of external conflict. |
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| Character Vs. Technology Conflict |
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Definition
| The character has a problem/issue with something computerized (electronics and machines), such as a phone, computer, or robot. A type of external conflict. |
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| Character Vs. Supernatural Conflict |
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Definition
| The character has a problem/issue with a force out of this world like magical forces, otherworldly beings, and fate. A type of external conflict. |
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| Internal Conflict Conflict |
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Definition
| A problem/issue inside a character’s own heart or mind. An internal struggle against oneself. |
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| Character Vs. Self Conflict |
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Definition
| A problem/issue inside a character’s own heart or mind. An internal struggle against oneself. |
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Definition
| A person, animal, or other being that takes part in the action of a story. |
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Definition
| A character that occurs in a large portion of the story and plays a significant (major) role. |
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| A character who does NOT impact the story much. They have an insignificant (minor) role and are typically side characters. |
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Definition
| A character readers know A LOT about. This character has a lot of traits and details. They are well-developed. |
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| A character readers know very little about. This character has only a few traits and details. |
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| A character who goes through a significant change in a story. They grow and learn a lot! |
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Definition
| A character who stays the same or does NOT change in any significant way during a story. |
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| The main character who readers want to see succeed/win. The good guy/girl in the story. |
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| The bad guy/girl or villain in the story. The character who is against and causes problems for the main character. |
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Definition
| The voice that speaks to an audience or tells a story within a text. Whoever is recounting the events of the story. |
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Definition
| The narrator’s position or perspective in relation to storytelling. How the narrator sees the story. |
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Term
| First Person Point of View |
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Definition
| The narrator is inside the story and telling it from their perspective / point of view. Pronouns: I, Me, Mine, Us, We |
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| Second Person Point of View |
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Definition
| The narrator is outside the story talking to you, the reader, OR making you, the reader, a character in the story. Pronouns: You, Your, Y’all |
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| Third Person Point of View |
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Definition
| The narrator is outside the story, looking in. There are 3 subtypes of this point of view. Pronouns: His, Hers, Theirs, He, She, Them |
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| Third Person Objective Point of View |
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Definition
| The narrator is outside the story and does not tell you any of the characters’ thoughts/feelings. The narrator states only facts and actions. |
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| Third Person Limited Point of View |
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Definition
| The narrator is outside the story and shares/knows only the thoughts/feelings of ONE character. |
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| Third Person Omniscient Point of View |
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Definition
| The narrator is outside the story and shares/knows the thoughts/feelings of MULTIPLE (all significant) characters. |
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Term
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Definition
| The reason that someone writes a text. The author’s intent for writing for the audience. |
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Definition
| To convince the reader to do or believe something. A type of author’s purpose. |
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Definition
| To teach or give facts. A type of author’s purpose. |
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Definition
| To amuse with laughter, enjoyment, or evoke emotions. A type of author’s purpose. |
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Term
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Definition
| A way of expressing oneself that does not use a word's strict or realistic meaning. Writing that uses figures of speech to be more effective, persuasive, and impactful. |
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Definition
| A type of figurative language where two seemingly opposite words/things are put together. |
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| A type of figurative language that paints a picture with words using multiple of the 5 senses (see, smell, hear, touch, taste) and creates a mental image for readers. |
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Definition
| A type of figurative language where words imitate sounds. Sound effects. |
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| A type of figurative language that compares two different things WITHOUT using “like” or “as.” Instead, one thing “is” or “was” another. |
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| A type of figurative language that exaggerates something extremely or over-the-top. |
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| A type of figurative language that repeats a sound or letter at the start of multiple words close together. |
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Definition
| A type of figurative language that compares two different things using “like” or “as.” |
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| A type of figurative language that does not mean exactly what it says. It is a common expression that makes sense figuratively but not literally. |
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| A type of figurative language that gives human/living characteristics, traits, or abilities to non-living things. |
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Definition
| The message, life lesson, or moral of the story. |
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Definition
| The overall emotional atmosphere. How the text is trying to make the reader feel. |
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Definition
| How the author or narrator feels about the subject. The writer or speaker’s attitude toward a subject, character, or audience. |
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Definition
A shortened version or a recap.
A brief retelling of a text using only the main details or events. |
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Definition
| Being based on fact. NOT being influenced by the writer’s feelings or opinions. |
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| Being strongly influenced by the writer’s feelings or opinions. Being unfairly prejudiced for or against something. |
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Definition
| Someone’s personal opinion for or against something. This is the opposite of objectivity. |
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Definition
| The central subject or idea that a text is all about or revolves around. |
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Term
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Definition
| The hints in a sentence, paragraph, or passage used to help a reader understand the meaning of an unfamiliar word. |
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Definition
| The dictionary definition of a word. A word’s literal meaning. |
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Definition
| The emotion or feelings behind the word. Positive, neutral, or negative. |
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Term
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Definition
| All the parts of a book or article that are NOT the main text/words of a passage. Parts of a reading passage that stand out from the rest of the text. Used to bring attention to important information. |
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Definition
| The name of an entire text. Located on the front cover of a book or at the top of an article/short story. A type of text feature. |
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Definition
| The name of a specific section of the text. A type of text feature. |
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Definition
| List of chapters or sections in the text with the page numbers they start on. Located at the front/beginning of the text. A type of text feature. |
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Term
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Definition
Boxes of information to the side, top, or bottom of the main text.
Provides additional details, facts, or information related to the text. A type of text feature. |
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Term
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Definition
| Words written in a dark and thick print within the main body of text. signals important vocabulary and/or a phrase that’s key in understanding the content of the text. A type of text feature. |
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Definition
| An alphabetical (A→ Z) list of terms with the definitions. Located near the end of the book. A type of text feature. |
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Definition
| An alphabetical (A→ Z) list of specific topics, events, names, and terms with all the page numbers of where they appear. Located at the back of the book. A type of text feature. |
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Definition
| A picture taken by a camera. A type of text feature. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hand-drawn sketch. A type of text feature. |
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Term
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Definition
| A visual representation of information to tell you WHERE something is or WHERE it happened. A type of text feature. |
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Definition
| Events listed in linear format in the order that they occur to tell you WHEN they happened (chronological or sequential order). A type of text feature. |
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Definition
| A visual representation of data. Large amounts of information or data organized and condensed into columns and rows with headings. A type of text feature. |
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Term
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Definition
| A drawing with labels on lines pointing to various parts. Shows the different parts/components of something. A type of text feature. |
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Term
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Definition
| Words underneath/beside a graphic feature (photographs, illustrations, maps, or charts) that explain / describe what it is or what it is about. A type of text feature. |
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Term
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Definition
| The pattern of organization the author uses when writing. (Think about graphic organizers.) |
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Term
Problem and Solution
(Text Structure) |
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Definition
| The author organizes information by sharing at least one issue with at least one way to fix it. |
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| Description (Text Structure) |
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Definition
| The author organizes information in a way to share a lot of details about something specific. |
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Term
| Compare and Contrast (Text Structure) |
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Definition
| The author organizes information by sharing similarities and differences of 2 or more topics. |
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Term
Cause and Effect
(Text Structure) |
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Definition
| The author organizes information by showing a direct relationship between one event / situation and its result. |
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Term
Chronological Order/ Sequence
(Text Structure) |
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Definition
| The author organizes information in order of steps in a process or events in time from beginning to end. |
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Term
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Definition
Restate/Reword
Answer
Cite supporting evidence
Explain the evidence
*Same thing as TDA (text dependent analysis)* |
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Term
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Definition
Text Dependent Analysis
*Same as RACE+CE writing* |
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Term
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Definition
| The overall argument or point a writer is trying to make in his/her writing. |
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Term
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Definition
| An assumption or conclusion when you read between the lines. Something that is NOT directly stated in the text but that you figure out based on clues. |
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Definition
| A logical guess at what will happen next or what is to come in the future. |
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Term
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Definition
| A part of speech that’s a person, place, thing, or idea. Examples: teacher, school, book, love |
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Definition
| A part of speech that’s a word used to describe a noun (person, place, thing, or idea). Examples: yellow, cold, loud, happy |
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Term
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Definition
A part of speech that’s something that can be done. Physical actions, mental actions, or states of being.
Examples: run, thinking, are, were, learning |
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Term
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Definition
| A part of speech that’s a more general word to replace a specific noun. Examples: him, she, them, theirs, you, I |
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Term
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Definition
This type of pronoun shows ownership of something. Something belongs to this pronoun.
Examples: mine, theirs, hers, his, ours |
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Term
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Definition
This type of pronoun is used as the subject of a sentence. This means that the pronoun is the one doing something/completing the action in the sentence.
Examples: I, you, we, he, she, we |
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Term
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Definition
This type of pronoun receives the action of the sentence. Something happens to it.
Examples: me, you, him, her, it us, them |
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| Intensive/Reflexive Pronoun |
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Definition
This type of pronoun is used to emphasize the subject of a sentence.
Examples: myself, himself, herself, yourself, themselves |
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Term
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Definition
| The noun (person, place, thing, or idea) that the pronoun refers to/talks about or represents. Should agree/match in gender, number, and point of view. |
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Term
| Independent Clause / Complete Sentence |
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Definition
| A statement that can stand alone as a complete idea. It has a subject and a matching verb. It starts with a capital letter and ends in a period. |
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Definition
| The person or thing doing the action in a sentence. Who or what a sentence is all about. |
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Term
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Definition
| A clause/phrase that is incomplete and cannot stand alone. Only part of an idea. Also called a dependent clause. |
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Term
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Definition
| A word part added at the beginning and before the base word. |
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Term
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Definition
| Word bases. the base upon which other words are built |
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Term
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Definition
| A word part added at the end and after the base word. |
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Definition
| When a story’s plot is interrupted to show / insert past events in order to provide background or context. |
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Definition
| A hint at what is to come later in the story. Indicates what will happen in the future. |
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