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El Yunque Plants
Species descriptions and ID characteristics
29
Biology
Post-Graduate
09/04/2013

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

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Definition

Andira inermis

Family: Fabaceae

Subfamily: Faboideae

Notes: Compound leaves. Smells like green beans or sweet peas. Has a terminal leaflet, Entire leaves. Light bark. Leaves are waxy, smooth, wavy margin, petiole is brown.

Term

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Definition

Alchorneopsis floribunda

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Notes: Shiny leaf top (waxy cuticle). Alternate arrangement of veins. Margin is dentate. Prop roots. Tree is early sucessional. Bark is white.

Term
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Definition

Calophyllum antillanum

Family: Clusiaceae

Note: Simple leaves. Opposite arrangement. Native to the forest. New leaves appear to be red.

Term

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Definition

Casearia arborea

Family: Salicaceae

Notes: small tree, alternate arrangement, lanceolate leaves, finely toothed. Lateral straight brnaches with many alternate leaves. Bark smooth and light gray. 

 

Term
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Definition

Casearia sylvestris

Family: Salicaceae

Notes: Small tree, alternate leaf arrangement, wavy leaf margins, large, bark is light (white/beige), herringbone leaf pattern. New stems are green.

Term

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Definition

Cecropia schreberiana

Family: Urticaceae

Notes: Large palmately lobed leaf (shaped like hand). Silver underside of leaf. Prop roots. Hollow trunk, fast growing. Early successional trees.

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Definition

Cordia borinquensis

Family: Boraginaceae

Notes: small tree, leaves simple, alternate arrangement, veins rased on lower surface of leaf, lateral veins widely spaced and curve up (like acruate veins), lower midrib is a rusty color. Stem branches in 3's. Orange red fruit.

Term

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Definition

Dacryodes excelsa

Family: Burseraceae

"Tabonuco tree"

Notes: Tree, leaves are pinnately compound, one terminal leaflet (odd), leaflets are flat, widely spaced, lateral, dark, shadow like veins, entire leaves. Crushed leaf smells strongly of turpentine. Smooth white bark. Fragrant white resin.

Term

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Definition

Eugenia stahlii

Family: Myrtaceae

Notes: Tree. Crushed leaves smell like curry! leaves have opposite arrangement, oval shape, fleshy, underside of leaf is matte.

Term

 

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Definition

Faramaea occidentalis

Family: Rubiaceae

Notes: Small tree, leaves are shiny dark green, simple, opposite arrangement, long slender stems, long terminal stipules look like crossed insect antennae. Petioles are sharply curve dforward. Hairlike brakcts.

Term

 

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Definition

Guarea guidonia

Family: Meliaceae

Notes: Leaves are pinnately compound, even, ends in 2 terminal leaflets, with a "duck head" bud. Leaves are shiny and dark green. Petioles are short and swollen. Mature bark is maroon colored and fissured (net like pattern of splitting). Straight trunk, many shoots growing in understory,

Term

 

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Definition

Hirtella rugosa

Family: Chrysobalanaceae

Notes: "Weeping willow" appearance. Small tree with dense brown orange hairs covering leaves and new stems, branches are droopy, leaves are simple, heart shaped, short petiole, pink and red flowers.

Term

 

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Definition

Inga laurina


Family: Fabaceae

Subfamily: Mimosoideae

Notes: Extrafloral nectaries at leaf base. Horizontal lines on mature trunks, white lenticels on young stems, terminal leaflets appear as "bunny ears."

Term

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Definition

Inga vera


Family: Fabaceae

Subfamily: Mimosoideae

Notes: pinnately compound, 2 terminal leaflets. winged rachis (difference between this and Inga laurina)

Term

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Definition

Manilkara bidentata

Family: Sapotaceae

Notes: White sap, occasional orange leaves in crown, simple leaf, large tree, prominent white midrib, lateral veins almost perpendicular to rib, close together. Short petiole. Bark red and fissured. Round fleshy fruit. Important local timber species.

Term

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Definition

Miconia impetiolaris

Family: Melastomaceae

Notes: five longitudinal veins, simple leaves, opposite arrangement, large, no petiole, dark green leaves with hairy margin, rusty colored veins on lower surface. Young pink infructesences that turn black.

Term

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Definition

Miconia prasina

Family: Melastomataceae

Notes: five longitunidal veins, papery thin leaf bade, winged petiole, coarse dentation, simple leaves, opposite arrangement. Leaves have shiny but matte color.

Term

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Definition

Miconia racemosa

Family: Melastomataceae

Notes: Melastome veination with hairs on leaf margin, opposite leaves, dark green, petiole long and fleshy.

Term

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Definition

Miconia tetrandra

Family: Melastomataceae

Notes: Melastome veination, spear shaped, sometimes have heart shaped leaf base, leaves opposite, petiole long and pink. Bark light brown and deeply fissured when mature. Thicker leaf blade than Miconia prasina.

Term

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Definition

Micropholis guanensis

Family: Sapotaceae

Notes: Tree, hair on lower leaf surface, elliptic leaf shape, alternate arrangement, upper surface is dark green, prominent midrib. White sap. BROWN LEAVES.

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Definition

Myrcia leptoclada

Family: Myrtaceae

Notes: small tree, leaves elliptical shape, leaves are stiff and hard. New leaves are pink. Dark red brown bark.

Term

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Definition

Myrcia splendens

Family: Myrtaceae

Notes: leaves are small, pale and green, shiny, wavy undulate surface, opposite arrangement. Branches are forked. Bark is reddish brown.

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Definition

Prestoea montana

Family: Arecaceae (PALM)

Notes: long straight dark brown trunk, frond scars, leaflets on frond arranged in same plane, typical palm foliage, fingerlike roots. swollen at stem base. smaller of the two palms.

Term

 

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Definition

Psychotria brachiata

Family: Rubiaceae

Notes: stipules are short, fat, rounded; prominent side veins, purple on underside of petiole (sometimes), green inflorescence, tiny white flowers and blue berries. Bracts.

Term

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Definition

Syzygium jambos

Family: Myrtaceae

Notes: Small tree, dense, opaque dark crown, opposite dark green lanceolate leaves. Short fat petiole with canal on top. Stomata are visible in light. Edible pale yellow fruit.

Term

 

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Definition

Tabebuia heterophylla

Family: Bignoniaceae

Notes: leaves are palmately compound (like a hand). 3 to 5 leaflets per leaf. Bark is brown-gray, furrowed and rough. Pink tubular flowers. Middle leaflet is long like middle finger.

Term

 

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Definition

Tetragastris balsamifera

Family: Burseraceae

Notes: Leaves are pinnately compound, one terminal leaflet with petiole, dark green, translucent beins. Crushed leaves smell of turpentine (more sweet). Smells also like lemon and or honey.

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Definition

Tichilia pallida

Family: Meliaceae

Notes: Leaves are pinnately compound terminating in 3 leaflets. Veiny wrinkly leaf. Bark is dark brown and gray. Bright red fruit.

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Definition

Sloanea berteroana

Family: Elaeocarpaceae

Notes: base of leaf has lump, large leaf, reddish bark, buttressed roots.

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