Term
| Without any autonomic input the hearts rate would be set by the __ __ at about __ bpm, this is the __ __ instrinsic rate. |
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Definition
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Term
| With Sinus Block, the __ node temporarily fails to pace for at least one cycle, thus that cycle is missing a __ __. |
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Definition
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Term
| First degree AV block lengthens the pause between __ depolarization and ___ depolarization, thus the __ __ is prolonged to be greater than __ __ __ or __ seconds. This prolonged interval is consistent in every cycle. |
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Definition
- atrial
- ventricular
- PR interval
- one large square
- 0.2 seconds |
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Term
| Second degree AV blocks allow for some atrial depolarizations to cause ventricular depolariation, but not all, thus you will see __ __ __ without an associated __ __. |
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Definition
| - lone p waves without an associated qrs complex |
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Term
| There are 2 types of Second degree heart block. Type I or __ produce a series of cycles with progressive blocking of __ __ __ until the final P wave is blocked ELIMINATED THE __ RESPONSE. Each repeating Type I series has one less qrs than p wave. |
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Definition
- Wenkebach
- AV node conduction
- ELMINATING THE QRS RESPONSE |
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Term
| Type II Second degree AV blocks aka ___ are blocks of the __ __ __/ __ __/ __ __. They produce a series of cycles consisting of one normal P-QRS-T cycle preceeded by a series of paced __ __ that fail to produce __ __. |
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Definition
- Mobitz
- Purkinje fiber bundles/His Bundle/Bundle Branches
- p waves
- qrs responses |
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Term
| With Wenckeback aka Second degree AV blocks, the __ __ gradually lengthen in successive cycles, until the last p wave fails to conduct and the __ is dropped. |
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Definition
- PR intervals
- QRS is dropped |
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Term
| Looking at an EKG you see progressive lengthening of the PR interval in consecutive cycles, ending in a final lone P wave. What type of block is this? |
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Definition
| Wenckebach Type 1 Second Degree Heart Block |
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Term
| Mobitz Type II Second Degree AV block totally blocks a number of paced __ __/__ __ before conduction to the ventricles is successful. Thus you may see two __ __ to one __, or even three __ __ to one __. This is a serious problem b/c it results in very slow __ __, which may cause ___. |
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Definition
- p waves/atrial depolarizations
- 2 p waves to one qrs (2:1)
- 3 p waves to one qrs (3:1)
- slow ventricular rates
- syncope |
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Term
| Mobitz type II second degree AV blocks sometimes block 3 p waves resulting in a single qrs response. This can be written as __ ___ __ or just __ ___. Poorer conduction rations (4:1, 5:1, etc.) relate to __ __ of the block and are sometimes called __ __ __. |
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Definition
- 3:1 AV block
- 3:1 block
- increased severity
- advanced Mobitz blocks |
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Term
| Important to note that with Mobitz every cycle that is missing a QRS has a __ __ P wave, it is NOT premature. |
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Definition
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Term
| Wenckebach is considered __ and Mobitz is considered ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| 2:1 AV blocks can be hard to tell if it is Wenckebach or Mobitz. To distinguish look at the __ __ and __ __. If the PR interval is lengthened but the QRS is normal, it is ___. If the PR interval is normal, but the QRS is widened, it is ___. |
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Definition
- PR interval
- QRS complex
- Wenckebach
- Mobitz |
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Term
| Wenckebach usually originate in the __ __, while Mobitz blocks are in the __ __ below the AV node. |
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Definition
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Term
| 2:1 Block with lenghtened PR intervals but normal QRS complexes: |
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Definition
| Wenckebach Type I Second Degree AV block |
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Term
| 2:1 Block with normal PR interval but widened QRS complexes: |
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Definition
| Mobitz Type II Second Degree AV block |
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Term
| widened QRS indicates block where? |
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Definition
- Bundle of His/Bundle Branches
- Mobitz |
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Term
| On every EKG check the __ __ and the __ without __ __. |
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Definition
- PR interval
- P without QRS response |
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Term
| Complete third degree AV block is a __ __ of conduction to the ventricles, so atrial depolarizations are not conducted to the ventricles. Thus, an __ __ below the complete block escapes to pace the __ at its inherent rate. |
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Definition
- complete block
- automaticity focus
- ventricles |
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Term
| scooped ST interval indicates __ toxicity. |
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Definition
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Term
| First Degree Heart Block has a consistely prolonged PR interval. There are usually __ __ except in those that also have CHF. May be seen in ___. Uncommonly may occur from __ __ or __ ___ ___. How do you treat this? |
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Definition
- no symptoms
- athletes
- beta blockers or calcium channel blockers
- tmt: monitor, change meds if necessary |
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Term
| Causes of Mobitz type 1/Wenckebach Second Degree Heart Block: |
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Definition
- Ischemic Heart Disease
- MI (inferior wall especially)
- Myocarditis
- Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypokalemia
- beta blockers
- calcium channel blockers
- amiodarone
- digoxin
- pentamidine |
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Term
| Mobitz type I/Wenckebach Second degree heart block may cause ___ and/or ___ . This has a __ risk for progressing to complete heart block. Patient may have history of __, __ __ __, or ___. |
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Definition
- dizziness and/or palpitations
- low
- ischemia, structural heart disease, or myocarditis |
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Term
| Common treatment approaches for Mobitz Type 1/Wenckebach Second Degree Heart Block: |
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Definition
- treat underlying cause (bradycardia)
- rarely results in pacemaker implantation |
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Term
| Mobitz Type I block is usually at the __ __. |
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Definition
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Term
Mobitz type I block is caused by conduction delay in the AV node in 70% of patients and by conduction delay in the His-Purkinje system in the remaining 30%.
Mobitz type I second-degree AV block is localized to the AV node and thus is not associated with any increased risk of morbidity or death, in the absence of organic heart disease. There is little risk of progression to a type II second-degree block or complete heart block. |
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Definition
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Term
Mobitz I block can occur in individuals with high vagal tone, such as athletes or young children.
Mobitz I block can occur in infants and young children with structural heart disease (eg, tetralogy of Fallot) and in individuals of any age following valvular surgery (especially mitral valve |
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Definition
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Term
| Abrupt dropping of a QRS wave without slowing of AV conduction: |
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Definition
| Mobitz Type II Second Degree Heart Block |
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Term
| Common Treatment for Mobitz type II second degree heart block: |
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Definition
- tmt of underlying causes (bradycardia)
- higher consideration for pacemaker implantation |
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Term
| Type II Mobitz has a __ risk of developing complete block than type I mobitz does. |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes of Mobitz Type II Second Degree Heart Block: |
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Definition
- ischemic heart disease
- myocarditis
- rheumatic heart disease
- hyperkalemia
- hypokalemia |
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Term
Unlike Mobitz I block, patients with type II block are more likely to experience light-headedness, dizziness, or syncope, although they may be asymptomatic as well.
Patients may have chest pain if the heart block is related to myocarditis or ischemia |
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Definition
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Term
| complete heart block characteristics: |
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Definition
- complete dissociation b/w p wave and QRS
- usually slow ventricular rate |
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Term
| Causes of third degree complete heart block: |
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Definition
- ischemic heart disease
- myocarditis
- rheumatic heart disease
- hyperkalemia
- hypokalemia |
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Term
| Complete heart block symptoms: |
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Definition
- life threatening
- dizziness
- syncope
- confusion
- early fatigue |
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Term
| Complete heart block treatment: |
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Definition
- pacemaker
- treat underlying causes |
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Term
ON QUIZ USE THIS METHOD:
MOBITZ TYPE I PR INTERVAL EXPANDS PROGRESSIVELY THEN DROPS A QRS.
MOBITZ TYPE II PR DOES NOT EXPAND, JUST DROPS A QRS. |
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Definition
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Term
| In lead V1 with left bundle branch block, the Q wave represents __ depolarization. R wave represents __ __ depolarization. S wave represents __ __ depolarization. |
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Definition
- septal
- right ventricular
- left ventricular |
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Term
| In lead V6 with left bundle branch block, the R wave represents __ and __ __ depolarization, while the R' wave represents __ __ depolarization. |
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Definition
- septal and right ventricular
- left ventricular |
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