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| Being an effective teacher... how many principles?? |
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Effective Teachers undertand how children learn.
-behaviorism (focus on the observable and measurable aspects of human behavior)
-construvtivisim
-interactive
-sociolinguistics
-reading response
-critical literacy
**Todays instructional activities to represent a balance between teacher-centered and student centered theories |
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Effective teachers support children's use of the four cueing systemts
1. phonological(sound)
2. syntactive (structural)
3. semantic (meaning)
4. pragmatic (social and culture)
* 44 speech sounds |
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Effective teachers create a community of learners
Characateristics of classroom communities: responsibility, opportunities, engagement, demonstration, risk taking, instrution, response choice, time, and assessment |
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| Effective teachers adopt a balanced approach of literacy inistruction |
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| Effective teachers scaffold children's reading and writing experiences. 5 levesl of support: 1.modeled 2.shared 3.interactive 4.guided 5.independent |
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Effective teachers organize literacy instrutction in four ways (of the 8)
-basil reader programs
-literature focus units
-literature circles
-reading and writing workshops |
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Effective teachers connect instructin and assessment
Teach-Assess cycle:
1. preassess
2. teach
3. monitor
4. reteach
5. assess |
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| Effective teachers become parterners with parents |
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Ind.-95% or higher
Instr.- 90-94%
Hard- 89% or below |
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| Ability to hear, identify, and munipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. |
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1. demonstrate
2. Sort and Check
3. Reflect
4. Extend |
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Deomonstrate-
introduce sort, use key words or pictures **make sure kids know what ill. and pictures are |
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Sort and Check-
individuaully or with a partner. |
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Reflect-
declare, compare, and contrast
*look at what others did |
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Extend-
activities to complete at seats; in centers or at home: sorts, games, cut and pate, expand word study notebook, make word charts
*practice what you tried to do |
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| word play, word sort, are best ways to learn |
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| Qualities of Best Practices in teaching reading |
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Definition
(14 steps)
1. Getting Meaning from print
2. Hearing books is first step
3. Beginning Reading Instruction
4. Best Practice for Learning to Read
5. Wide Array of Print
6.Choice
7. Teachers
8. Reading an Writing are Tools
9. Low-Risk Environment
10. Phonics
11. Daily Oppotunites
12. Writing
13. Reading Assessment
14. School Environment |
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Term
| What does research say about Phonics? |
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Definition
- systematic and explicit phonics insturtion is more efect than non-systmeatic or no phonices instruction
-systematic and explicit programs
*have a sequence of instrution
*give student an opportunity to practice |
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| ay use different systems example: teachers teach constants first then vowels |
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| -know what they're doing and why they are doing it. |
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| Approaches for Phonics Instruction |
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1. Synthetic
2. Analytic
3. Analogy Base
4. Phonics Through Spelling
5. Embedded
6. Onset-Rime |
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| convert leters or combinations to sounds and then the sounds to word. Synthetic - take words apart |
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learn to analyse letter-sound relationships to previously learned words.
*putting sounds together |
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| learn to segment words into phonemes and ten make words |
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| learn to sound out one syllable words; initial sound before vowel and rest of word |
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| Systematic and Explicit Phonics |
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-improves word recognition and spelling
-improves reading comprehension
-effective for children from various social and economic levels
-efictive for children who are at risk for developing furture reading provlems
-most effective when introduced early
-NOT an entire reading program
**equip students with tools
**phonics improves reading comprehension
**SCS Social economic status |
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-Literature-based
-Whole language
-Sight-word (incorporates whole language) |
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| How long should phonics be taught? |
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| approximately 2 years of phonics instrution is sufficient for most students. |
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