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Definition
Sarcoptes scabiei- sarcoptic mange, scabies, or sacoptic acariasis
Burrowing mite
Causes INTENSE pruritus, scaling, crusting, alopecia
Species specific although humans can be infected with Sarcoptes scabiei variety canis even though we have our own. Pigs most common LA affected. Also cow, sheep, and horse.
Affects edges of pinnae, elbows, hocks, and sometimes abdomen, although the whole body can be affected
Diagnose w/ skin scraping, positive pedal reflex, or strong suspicion. Mites rarely seen. Look on 4X and 10X. Long unjointed pedicels sometimes w/ a sucker on the end. |
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Term
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Definition
Look like: 8 legs
Infection of: Acariasis
Classified by: Burrowing or Surface dwelling
Life cycle: egg, larvae, nymph, adult |
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Definition
Notoedres cati- feline scabies mite, head mange
Burrowing mite
Causes: very pruritic, yellow crusting of the head, ears, and neck
Can parasitize rabbits
Adults look similar to sarcoptes |
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Definition
Cnemidocoptes- scaly leg mite of birds, chicken, turkeys, pheasants, geese
Burrowing mite
Tunnels in superficial layers of epidermis of legs/feet. May also affect beak.
Causes honeycomb appearance to scales
Diagnose with skin scraping. Adult has unjointed pedicels. |
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Term
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Definition
Demodex canis, gatoi(see differences), and cati(left to right)- red mange
Burrowing mite
Species specific. Dog-canis, cat-cati/gatoi. Not contagious(gatoi MAY be.)
Normal flora of skin but if animal has immunocompromise it can proliferate and cause skin disease
Lives in hair follicles and sebaceous glands of most humans and animals
Clinical disease: Demodicosis
Canis: Most commonly puppy, companion animal.
Alopecic but not pruritic(gatoi SEVERELY pruritic) unless secondary skin infection. Similar to ringworm. Affects muzzle, face, forelegs, paws.
2 forms: Localized(in discreet areas) or generalized(all over.)
If generalized, may have serious immunodeficiency(if adult, check thyroid. Hyperthyroid can weaken immune system.)DON'T breed! May be difficult/impossible to eradicate.
Looks like: adult is cigar shaped. Gatoi fat and short, cati, long and thin, canis, in the middle.
Diagnose with skin scraping.
If gatoi, make sure cat is FeLV/FIV neg. may be more prone to demodicosis if not. |
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Term
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Definition
Cheyletiella- walking dandruff
Surface dwelling mite
Look like: large white scales along dorsum...but move. Visible to naked eye. Looks different from scabies mite.
Can infect dogs, cats, and rabbits.
Diagnoses: magnifying glass, flea comb, or cellophane tape prep. |
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Term
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Definition
Psoroptes caniculi- ear canker mite of rabbits.
Surface dwelling mite
Species specific. Other LA have Psoroptes spp. too.
Mites reside w/in thick hair or wool areas.
Extremely pruritic. Caniculi in rabbits causes ear exudate, and head tilt in extreme infections.
Highly contagious! Reportable.
Diagnose w/ skin scrape. Has long jointed pedicels. |
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Term
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Definition
Chorioptes bovis- foot and tail mite, itchy leg mite
Surface dwelling mite
Infects feet and tail of LA
Can cause tail rubbing in horses like pinworm.
Diagnose w/ skin scrape. Has short unjointed pedicels. |
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Definition
Otodectes cynotis- ear mite of cats, dogs, and ferrets
Surface dwelling mite
Most prevalent in juvenile cats.
Very contagious w/ direct contact.
Mainly found in ear canal but can be on other areas of body.
Intensely pruritic. Common cause of Otitis externa. May progress to otitis media(head tilt.) Intense scratching may cause aural hematoma. Copious amounts of dark brown exudate present.
Diagnose w/magnified otoscopic ear exam, ear swab, oil, 4X and 10X. Short unjointed pedicels. |
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Term
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Definition
Voracious blood feeders.
Life cycle: When feeding on blood females become engorged(larger) then drops off host, lays eggs in brush, cracks, or under leaves. 6 legged larvae hatch from eggs, feed on a host, molt into 8 legged nymph, feeds on host, molt to 8 legged adult.
Transmit many parasitic, bacterial, and viral diseases
May be mechanical vectors or intermediate hosts. May have 1-3 hosts.
Some female's saliva has a toxin that causes paralysis in animals and humans
Hard- Ixodid (4)hard chitinous scutum(shield), mouth visible from dorsum
and Soft- Argasid (1)lack scutum(shield), mouth not visible from dorsum
NOT species specific |
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Definition
Texas "cattle fever" tick
1 host tick
Ixodid- hard tick
Vector for Babesia bigemina...causes cattle fever
Reportable(supposedly eradicated from U.S.) |
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Definition
Otobius megnini- spinose ear tick
Most common in LA
Looks like: spiny
Very irritating to animal
Live in: ear canal
Only larval and nymph stages are parasitic
Hosts: cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and dogs |
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Definition
Rhipicephalus sanguineus- Brown dog tick, kennel tick
Found throughout North America. Can live in kennels.
Looks like: boring brown, uniformly reddish brown scutum(shield)
Feeds almost exclusively on dogs
Lays eggs is cracks and crevices.
Bites very painful.
Can transmit: Babesia canis, Erlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Anaplasma platys |
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Definition
Dermacentor variabilis- American dog tick
Found throughout U.S.
Lays eggs in grassy brush areas
3 host tick
Looks like: white markings on scutum(shield)
Vector for: Rocky mountain spotted fever and Tularemia |
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Term
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Definition
Amblyomma americanum- lone star tick
Looks like: single white spot on scutum(shield)
3 host tick
Vector for: Rocky mountain spotted fever, Tularemia, Erlichia canis |
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Term
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Definition
Ixodes scapularis(black legged tick) and Ixodes pacificus(Western black legged tick)- deer ticks
Looks like: black legs and scutum(shield)
Vectors for: Lyme disease(Borrelia burgdorferi) a bacteria |
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