Term
By far, the major source of CO2 from Brazil |
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Definition
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Term
Toxic metal expected in outflows from tanneries |
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Definition
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Term
Element that is reduced in sediments and is associated with methylation of mercury (helps drive the process). |
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Definition
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Term
Correlations between human disturbance, species diversity, & susceptibility to exotic spp. Invasions (from Brazil lecture) |
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Definition
Streams more affected by humans more susceptible to invasions. Highest species richness in leas disturbed streams. |
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Term
Critical habitat to protect in order to protect stream biota |
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Definition
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Term
Impacts of industry on Rio de Janeiro coastal water quality |
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Definition
decrease in dissolved oxygen, increased algae, incresed heavy metals |
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Term
A herbicide formerly used on marijuana, used in Brazil and used in the US for defoliating soybeans (and cotton |
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Definition
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Term
Crop that is consuming the highest quantities of water in Brazilian agriculture |
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Definition
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Term
Sensitivity of aquatic invertebrates to paraquat |
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Definition
lethal to insects, prawn, snails, zooplankton |
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Term
Major causes of population decline in condors, including life history & human impacts. |
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Definition
DDT, collecting, Animal trade, collisions with power lines, lead poisoning, shooting. Slow population growth. |
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Term
How the condor populations are being assisted |
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Definition
captive breeding and release |
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Term
Primary source of lead that has impaired recovery of condors. |
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Definition
lead shot/ bullet fragment ingestion |
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Term
How the individual birds are assessed; body fluid that is tested for lead in live birds (and mammals). |
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Definition
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Term
Evidence that lead shot was the source of the problem in condors. |
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Definition
isotope ratios, found shot in birds |
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Term
Principal clinical signs of lead toxicosis in condors. |
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Definition
weight loss, weakness, reduction in movement, uncoordination, nervous system, kidney, and circulatory system impacts |
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Term
General detoxification method for condors if their lead body burden is high |
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Definition
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Term
How the birds are managed in captivity to reduce interactions with people and human changes in environment after release |
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Definition
puppet rearing, parent rearing, isolation, aversion therapy |
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Term
Approximate number of California condors in the wild today |
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Definition
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Term
Long term solutions to the problem lead toxicosis in condors |
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Definition
get rid of lead shot, acquire more hunting-free zones |
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Term
Why specialized species including polar bears are particularly at risk from climate change |
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Definition
narrow nitch. Cascade effect of warming in arctic |
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Term
How being at the top of a food chain results in an animal having to deal with the summation of effects on other trophic orders (polar bear talk) |
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Definition
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Term
Why climate change increases the period of fasting in female polar bears |
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Definition
Pregnant females fast for longer. Can't den on fast ice if it's melting |
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Term
How climate change alters the food web so that polar bears may have less to eat. |
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Definition
Decreased sea ice - water interface
Preferred environment of algae
Algae main food of Atlantic Cod Atlantic Cod Prey for many species Seals prey on cod
Seals are main prey of polar bears |
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Term
How climate change alters the access to prey that are there when the bears are hunting on the ice |
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Definition
Seals have more air holes |
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Term
Reason why GPS tracking does not always work |
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Definition
Substrate in the way of satellite reception |
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Term
Why studies of the Hudson Bay coastal polar bears may be a good predictor of future conditions |
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Definition
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Term
Trends in body condition & body fat over time in polar bears |
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Definition
Bears were returning to land in poorer condition Factor in survival – lose between 0.7 and 0.85 kg/day when fasting, fat loss is 93% of mass change Related to ringed seal numbers change in fish populations and change in bear hunting environment |
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Term
The major causes of deer overpopulation in the US. |
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Definition
Restricted seasons & game laws - Introductions - Tree planting/forested landscaping - Decline in predators - Moderate climates (Global warming |
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Term
How global warming influences deer population size. |
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Definition
- Moderate climates - Mild winters Increase deer body mass & winter survival population growth |
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Term
How overpopulated deer aggravate global CO2 burdens |
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Definition
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Term
Some major diseases associated with high deer populations. |
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Definition
Tick-borne zoonoses - Lyme disease and ehrlichiosis Bovine tuberculosis - Mycobacterium bovis Chronic Wasting Disease (“Mad Cow”) - Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy |
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Term
How woody plants evolve to rely on toxins more earlier in life than later in life |
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Definition
once too big to be browsed, makes sense to produce fewer toxins |
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Term
How browsers may favor and then later degrade plant diversity |
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Definition
forage on dominant species, those get reduced, browse resistant species do better, then become dominant |
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Term
How overpopulated deer may increase silt & nutrients in water |
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Definition
reduced ground cover-> increased erosion |
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Term
How over-browsing favors conifers & reduced soil nitrogen. |
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Definition
Reduced leaf litter favors conifers |
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Term
Duration of relatively low deer abundance needed for recovery of the plant community |
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Definition
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Term
Current “control” methods to reduce deer impacts on the environment |
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Definition
hunting, sharp shooting, fencing, repellents, sensors, birth control |
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Term
How gill raker spacing influences ecological impacts & nutrients free in the water |
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Definition
Influences ability to filter small algae |
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Term
Origin of Asian carp before they became an exotic pest species in the US |
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Definition
Eastern Asia. Brought in for management of aquaculture water quality |
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Term
Four major exotic species with major adverse impacts in the Great Lakes. |
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Definition
Sea Lamprey, Zebra Mussels, Round Goby, Eurasian Ruffe |
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Term
Meaning of oligotrophic & mesotrophic, which lakes have which condition, & why this influences whether an exotic carp will become established in sufficient numbers to become a pest species. |
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Definition
nutrient availability impacts phytoplankton which in turn impacts fish survivability |
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Term
Meaning of stoichiometry in terms of energy budgets |
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Definition
Balance of what goes in and what goes out and what is used for growth and reproduction. Equations need to account for all energy and all matter. |
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Term
Why feces were removed from the aquaria in this study. |
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Definition
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Term
Current assumption as to the efficiency of bighead carp in filtering small algae |
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Definition
not particularly efficient |
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Term
How long ago the Great Lakes were covered by glaciers |
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Definition
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Term
Two Great Lakes with the longest and two with the shortest water retention times; & how this may affect exposures of aquatic biota to persistent contaminants |
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Definition
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