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Ecosystems and Biomes
Chapter 4 Science a Closer Look - Pennsylvania
41
Science
5th Grade
01/20/2013

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Term
biome
Definition
one of Earth's major land ecosystems
Term
abiotic factors of a biome
Definition
soil, water, climate
Term
biotic factors of a biome
Definition
plants and animals
Term
water cycle
Definition
continuos movement of water between Earth's surface and the air, changing from liquid to gas to liquid
Term
evaportaion
Definition
changing of a liquid into a gas
Term
condensation
Definition
change of a gas into a liquid
Term
precipitation
Definition
any form of water that falls from the atmosphere
Term
rain, snow, sleet, hail
Definition
precipitation
Term
watershed
Definition
an area from which water is drained
Term
runoff
Definition
precipitation that flows across land's surface and is not absorbed
Term
groundwater
Definition
water that settles underground
Term
carbon cycle
Definition
continuous exchange of carbon among living things
Term
plants take in carbon dioxide and combine it with water to make sugar - this is eaten by omnivores and herbivores - indriectly eaten by carnivores
Definition
carbon cycle
Term
decomposer
Definition
break down dead or decaying plants and animals
Term
nitrogen cycle
Definition
continuous trapping of nitrogen gas into compounds in the soil and returning it to the air
Term
compost
Definition
nixture of dea material that can be used as a fetilizer
Term
extinct species
Definition
a species no longer exists
Term
endangered species
Definition
a species is in danger of becoming extinct
Term
threatened species
Definition
species with low numbers that may become endangered
Term
sucession
Definition
one ecosystem becomes a new and different ecosystem
Term
primary succession
Definition
few, if any, living thing exist, or earlier communities were wiped out
Term
pioneer species
Definition
first species living in an otherwise lifeless area
Term
pioneer community
Definition
first living community in an otherwise lifeless area
Term
climax community
Definition
final stage of succession
Term
secondary succession
Definition
beginning of a new community where another community had already existed
Term
desert
Definition
sandy or rocky soil; little precipitation; luttle plant life; some are cold; some are hot
Term
tundra
Definition
large treeless biome; ground is frozen all year; soil has few nutrients
Term
soil is frozen all year
Definition
permafrost
Term
taiga
Definition
largest biome; cool/cold temperatures; evergreen trees; soil low in nutrients
Term
rain forest
Definition
hot and humid; heavy rain; wide varoety of plants and animals
Term
temperate rain forest
Definition
rain and fog; mild winter; cold summer; large evrgreens trees abd epiphytes
Term
epiphytes
Definition
lichens, mosses, plants that grow on trees
Term
decidous forest
Definition
four distinct seasons; trees with leaves that change colors; soil rich in nutrients
Term
decidous trees
Definition
leaves that change color in autumn
Term
grasslands
Definition
not many trees; very dry; soil rich in nutrients; fires common; gras main plant
Term
savanna
Definition
African grassland
Term
plankton
Definition
creatures that drift freely in water
Term
nekton
Definition
large active swimmers in water
Term
benthos
Definition
live on the bottom of a body of water
Term
intertidal zone
Definition
shollowest part of ocean ecosystem
Term
estuary
Definition
ecosystems that are part fresh water and part salt water
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